Processed Bamboo as a Novel Formaldehyde-Free High-Performance Furniture Biocomposite

Abstract

We used an innovative approach involving hot pressing, low energy consumption, and no adhesive to transform bamboo biomass into a natural sustainable fiber-based biocomposite for structural and furniture applications. Analyses showed strong internal bonding through mechanical “nail-like” nano substances, hydrogen, and ester and ether bonds. The biocomposite encompasses a 10-fold increase in internal bonding strength with improved water resistance, fire safety, and environmentally friendly properties as compared to existing furniture materials using hazardous formaldehyde-based adhesives. As compared to natural bamboo material, this new biocomposite has improved fire and water resistance, while there is no need for toxic adhesives (mostly made from formaldehyde-based resin), which eases the concern of harmful formaldehyde-based VOC emission and ensures better indoor air quality. This surpasses existing structural and furniture materials made by synthetic adhesives. Interestingly, our approach can 100% convert discarded bamboo biomass into this biocomposite, which represents a potentially cost reduction alternative with high revenue. The underlying fragment riveting and cell collapse binding are obviously a new technology approach that offers an economically and sustainable high-performance biocomposite that provides solutions to structural and furniture materials bound with synthetic adhesives.

Enzyme Immobilization on a Delignified Bamboo Scaffold as a Green Hierarchical Bioreactor

“…68 The obvious reduction in the intensity of peaks at 1691 and 1655 cm −1 was related to carbonyl stretching vibrations in lignin. 69,70 Partial hemicellulose removal was found based on the disappearance of the peak at 1738 cm −1 corresponding to the carbonyl stretching vibration of hemicellulose, and the small change of the absorption peak at approximately 1246 cm −1 was due to the C−O linkage in xylan. 68,71,72 The predominant absorption at 3427 cm −1 was assigned to −OH stretching because the cellulose portion was exposed significantly after the removal of lignin and hemicellulose, which could lead to increasing interactions via hydrogen bonding.…”

Study on Bamboo Longitudinal Flattening Technology

“…The lignin condensation and cross-link reactions may contribute to this change. In addition, the increased lignin content played a positive role in the stiffness and strength of bamboo cell walls [ 23 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Strong, Durable, and Aging-Resistant Bamboo Composites Fabricated by Silver In Situ Impregnation

“…The fluorescent microscope images of the binding interphase of bamboo composites showed that the adhesive was mainly distributed in the broken cell cavities and between the cell walls, and the adhesive penetrated further into the bamboo cell wall and intercellular layer. , Effective penetration and average penetration are used to quantitatively measure the permeability of adhesives in the matrix. Effective penetration was defined as the area of penetration (μm 2 ) divided by the length of the glue line (μm), and average penetration was the average of the five farthest penetration distances (μm).…”

“…Bamboo has the advantages of strong regeneration ability, fast growth, high strength, stable performance, and so on . Scientific and reasonable utilization of bamboo industrialization can effectively alleviate the demand for wood. , Bamboo and wood are both anisotropic materials, and the adhesives used in the bamboo industry are basically the same as those used in wood. , However, the structural properties of bamboo are quite different from those of wood, which is because there are no transverse ray cells in the bamboo tissue, and the transverse circulation of gas and liquid must pass through the pit channels in the cell wall . The flow, wetting, and penetration depth of the liquid adhesive on the surface of the bamboo are not obvious, which leads to that the cross-linking of the polymer and bamboo cannot reach the mechanical coupling effect of wood and adhesive.…”