“…In earlier attempts, paclitaxel was extracted using chromatography as a pretreatment for purification or immediately purified crude paclitaxel (purity: ~0.5%) was extracted without pretreatment using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which made it difficult to commercially mass-produce paclitaxel due to the high a quantity of organic solvent used and the short column lifetime [14,16]. Subsequently, a variety of pretreatment methods such as liquid-liquid extraction [13,17], adsorption [13,18], low-pressure liquid chromatography (LPLC) [19,20], and precipitation [13,21] were introduced to the process in order to enhance the final purification efficiency using chromatography [14]. To obtain high purity (>98%) products, multi-step chromatography (octadecylsilylate (ODS C18)-HPLC, silica-HPLC) or an integrated purification process of chromatography and crystallization is still needed [14,19,22,23].…”