Process Plant Equipment

Holloway, Michael D.; Nwaoha, Chikezie; Onyewuenyi, O.A.

doi:10.1002/9781118162569

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, we will introduce the same operational conditions for Case 2. Then, more results will be documented and tabulated for comparison as will be seen later in Table (1). In this session, the effect of the inclined mixing will be described and compared with the perpendicular Tjunction (case 1, θ=90 o ).…”

Section: Results For Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The length of the main pipe after the junction is 0.5 m, which is equivalent to . The length of the side branch pipe (steam pipe) is also 0.5 m which is as shown in Figure (1). The water is flowing from left to right with a static temperature of 300 K and at atmospheric pressure while the saturated steam is drawn down through the branch pipe at the atmospheric pressure.…”

Section: Computational Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steady-state 3-D CFD computations were accomplished for the T-Junction depicted in Figure (1). The properties of water liquid is assumed to be constant while the steam properties are taken to be functions of temperature.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure (1) shows the boundary conditions utilized in the present study. The mass flow inlet is applied for each phase and the mixture temperature is specified at the inlets of the steam and water of the T-pipe.…”

Section: Initial and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These flow fluctuations may transmit to the carrying pipe. Furthermore, condensation produces thermal fluctuation and disturbance in the mixing region, which should be carefully considered in the CFD simulation [1,2]. Few researchers studied theoretically and experimentally the mixing process in T-junction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Study of Induced Condensation upon Mixing Flows of Water-stream Flow in a Tee-Junction Pipe

Yousef

Hegazy

Saleh

2021

ERJ. Engineering Research Journal

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Tee-junction is a device used in pipes to transfer, mixing of two dissimilar fluids of different parameters or either same type with varying parameters. The design of the tee-pipe affects its function. The present paper introduces a numerical study of two-phase flow mixing in a T-junction pipe. Water liquid streams in the horizontal main pipe of a T-junction while saturated steam is drawn from the other pipe branch (it lies in a vertical plane). That results in water liquid and steam mixing with steam condensation, and the mixture is directed to exit from the main pipe. The computational model is validated first with the experimental data for a single-phase flow. Two junction angles 90 o and 45 o between the main pipe and branched pipes are utilized for the T-junction. Different mass ratios for water liquid and steam are examined in the main pipe and branched pipes. Also, various turbulence models are utilized to select the best suitable model for predicting such flows. The comparison ensured the superiority of the realizable k-ɛ model for the present two-phase flow mixing. The obtained results reveal that the T-junction pipe with a junction angle of 45 o achieves improved operational performance compared to the pipe with the junction angle of 90 o . This result shows that the incline of the branch pipe could induce more heat transfer on the area of the T-junction, which inevitably could condensate more steam from the branch pipe. The T-junction pipe with a 45 o angle can condense all the mixed steam in shorter pipe lengths with lower pressure loss at the same operational conditions compared to the 90 o junction angle pipe. Moreover, for constant mass flow rates in the main and branched pipes, an increase in their diameters results in a remarkable enhancement of steam condensation.

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Section: Results For Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Computational Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Study of Induced Condensation upon Mixing Flows of Water-stream Flow in a Tee-Junction Pipe

Yousef

Hegazy

Saleh

2021

ERJ. Engineering Research Journal

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Trace Contaminant Removal by Nanofiltration

et al. 2021

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Table 1: Examples of wastewater and water treatment plants using NF/RO membranes. Location Capacity (m 3 /d) Application Water Factory 21 (Orange County California) [8] 15 000 Indirect potable reuse via groundwater recharge Mexico City [9] 500 Irrigation City of Livermore (California) [9] 2800 Irrigation; fire fighting water Chandler (Arizona) [9] 4160 Indirect potable Artis Zoo (Amsterdam) [10] 430-1200 Cleaning animals cages; Ecoflow for the zoo environment Sydney Olympic Park (Homebush Bay-Sydney) [11] 2200 Non-potable reuse Water reuse Kranji NEWater plant (Singapore) [12] 40,000 Indirect potable reuse Water supply Mery-Sur-Oise (Paris, World's largest water supply plant using NF process) [13] 140 000 Pesticide removal for drinking water supplyNF is also an effective method to treat landfill leachate (see Chapter 16 for details on this application) as it may contain a wealth of trace contaminants that is not biodegradable and thus will remain in the water discharged after undergoing biological treatment [14]. In addition, NF plays an important role in some small-scale operations including mobile water treatment units for military activities in remote regions from the worst sources such as raw sewage [1] and space travel [15]. In the course of military action, a reliable and safe drinking water supply is an important logistical concern and it may be necessary to produce water from highly contaminated sources that may contain many trace contaminants. Safe and reliable direct water reuse is also a priority for long missions in space. Last but not least, NF presents a valuable tool for researchers to concentrate and characterize a variety of organics from aquatic environments.The removal processes of trace contaminants using NF are complex and to date poorly understood. Hence the mechanisms in this chapter are preliminary and much work still needs to be done to fill in the knowledge gap. This chapter will document and discuss the significance of trace contaminants in water and wastewater applications where NF can be applied as a treatment process. Removal mechanisms and membrane-contaminant interactions are discussed.

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Design and Scale-up of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess

Chen

2018

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

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Process Plant Equipment

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Numerical Study of Induced Condensation upon Mixing Flows of Water-stream Flow in a Tee-Junction Pipe

Numerical Study of Induced Condensation upon Mixing Flows of Water-stream Flow in a Tee-Junction Pipe

Trace Contaminant Removal by Nanofiltration

Design and Scale-up of High-solid and Multi-phase Bioprocess

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