Process mineralogy of Weishan rare earth ore by MLA

Xu, Caili; Zhong, Chengbin; Lyu, Renliang; Ruan, Yaoyang; Zhang, Zhenyue; Chi, Ruan

doi:10.1016/j.jre.2018.06.008

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The instrument and image acquisition was controlled by the MLA software. The detailed introduction is available in the previous literature (Xu et al, 2019). The S60AAW-6118 grinder was purchased from LOUIS company in America.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two main types of REEs ore; mineral-type ore and weathered crust elutiondeposited type ore (Zhang et al, 2018). The weathered crust elution-deposited type rare earth ore mainly provides medium and heavy rare earth, and the light REEs occur mainly in mineral-type rare earth ore such as bastnaesite and monazite (He et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2019). Bastnaesite, monazite and xenotime are the main sources of the light REEs, which account for about 95% of the REE currently used (Abdou et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process mineralogy of Bayan Obo rare earth ore by MLA

Xu¹,

Chi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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The maximum recovery of rare earth resource from the Bayan Obo ore deposit is a difficult task, especially without the sufficient data of mineralogy. In this paper the mineralogy of Bayan Obo ore deposit by comprehensively research with the application of mineral liberation analyzer (MLA) is reported. The MLA was applied to quantitatively analyze the complicated element/mineral compositions, the REE occurrence, the size distribution and the degree of liberation of the Bayan Obo ore. Mineralogical analysis of the rare earth ore has shown that REEs are present mainly as bastnaesite and monazite-(Ce) to a small extent as parisite-(Ce). 5.85% of the REEs, 34.99% of iron and 0.12% of niobium occur in the ore sample. There are 76.99% of iron occurred in hematite and the remaining iron is mainly distributed in magnetite and goethite. The degree of liberation of bastnaesite and monazite-(Ce) was 79.65% and 75.67% respectively when the grinding fineness was 83.57% passing 75 µm sieves. Un-liberated or partly liberated rare earth minerals are associated closely mainly with other rare earth minerals and gangues. These theoretical data could be employed to further comprehensively utilize the rare earth ore.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process mineralogy of Bayan Obo rare earth ore by MLA

Xu¹,

Chi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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“…The characteristic absorption peaks for the main functional groups are shown in Figure 8. By comparing the IR spectra before and after the addition of the collector, it was found that peaks at 2923, 2856, 1604, and 1121 cm −1 appeared in the IR spectra after the addition of the agent (Wang et al 2020;Xiong et al 2018;Xu et al 2019). The positions of these bands were basically unchanged, which indicated that some organic components were adsorbed on the bastnaesite surface.…”

Section: The Action Mechanism Of Bgh Collector and Bastnaesitementioning

confidence: 97%

Mechanism of recovery processes for rare earth and iron from Bayan Obo tailings

Wen-liang

Cang

Zhang

et al. 2020

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering

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Rare earth (RE) and iron minerals in tailings exhibit fine embedded granularity and are closely associated with silicates, carbonates, and other lode minerals, which are difficult to be recycled. Studies of these tailings led to some new processes of ore dressing, involving grinding, RE flotation, strong magnetic separation, and positive iron flotation. In this closed circuit process, RE and iron minerals were separated after grinding, and the materials resulted from the flotation of small-sized RE and iron mineral particles were accurately controlled using a combination of inhibitors, dispersants, pH regulators, and collector agents. The ore dressing were ground to a fineness of 0.045 mm, which was a process accounting for 95.6% of the material. The amount of water glass, NXJ (a combination of sodium carbonate mixed with a fine mud dispersant), and BGH (hydroxamic acid collector, a combination of 3-carboxy-2-naphthylhydroxamic acid and C5-9 hydroxamic acid) used in the primary separation of RE were 2.4 kg/t, 2.5 kg/t, and 2.4 kg/t, respectively. The dosages of ammonium fluorosilicate and GXY (fatty acid collector, a combination of sodium oleate mixed with oxidized paraffin soap) used with iron coarse were 2.2 kg/t and 1.2 kg/t, respectively. The RE collectors achieved chemical separation of Ce, La, and other particles and formed stable five-membered cyclic chelates. Consequently, through the closed circuit experiment, the RE grade and recovery rate in the RE concentrate were improved to 50.3 and 61.6%, respectively. The total iron (TFe) grade and recovery rate in the TFe concentrate were improved to 64.0 and 30.0%, respectively, and other useful metals were also enriched; this process managed secondary recycling of RE and TFe possible, leading to improvements in resource utilization.

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“…Potential for re-processing of the material Numerous studies have proved how the application of automated mineralogical methods was beneficial for tailoring suitable processing routes for primary, but also secondary sources of metals such as mine and technological waste like lithium-ion batteries (e.g. Santoro et al, 2014;Holley et al, 2018;Barton et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2019;Schulz et al, 2020;Mulenshi et al, 2021;Vanderbruggen et al, 2021). The benefits of applying automated mineralogy methods on mine and urban wastes are related to the possibility to characterize complex materials that consist of mineral and non-mineral phases, which are problematic for characterization with standard mineralogical methods (Lapakko, 2002;Matinde et al, 2018;Schulz et al, 2020;Vanderbruggen et al, 2021;).…”

Section: The Need For An Integrated Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%