Process for Preparing Nonionic Surfactant Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters with and without Previous Sorbitol Cyclization

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to determine the course of the esterification reaction of hexitols and a long chain length fatty acid at different temperatures. Sorbitol esters of lauric acid were prepared by the esterification of sorbitol and lauric acid (molar ratio, 1:1) in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst. The esterification was carried out at 140, 150, 160, and 180 °C, with and without sorbitol cyclization, under atmospheric pressure. The reaction course was followed by taking samples after 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min, and determining the acid value. The results shows that the conversion of lauric acid is better if sorbitol is previously cycled at all examined temperatures. This work presents one possible solution to a problem that should be of interest to surfactant and carbohydrate chemists. Keywords: Nonionic surfactants; sorbitan fatty acid esters; rate of esterification; color of the esterification product

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