Process Equipment Cost Estimation, Final Report

Löh, H.; Lyons, Jennifer; White, Charles W.

doi:10.2172/797810

Cited by 99 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Onsite costs include the purchased equipment cost (PEC), cost of installation, piping, instrumentation and control as well as cost for electrical equipment and materials. The PEC for pumps, heat exchangers, compressors, and expanders is based on data from [39][40][41], whereas in the cost calculations of the distillation columns also data from [42][43][44][45] were used. Cost estimations for the SMR, ATR and DMR units were obtained from [39,40,45].…”

Section: Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Exergoeconomic Evaluation of the Synthesis Routes for Methanol Production from Natural Gas

2017

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Abstract:Methanol is one of the most important feedstocks for the chemical, petrochemical, and energy industries. Abundant and widely distributed resources as well as a relative low price level make natural gas the predominant feedstock for methanol production. Indirect synthesis routes via reforming of methane suppress production from bio resources and other renewable alternatives. However, the conventional technology for the conversion of natural gas to methanol is energy intensive and costly in investment and operation. Three design cases with different reforming technologies in conjunction with an isothermal methanol reactor are investigated. Case I is equipped with steam methane reforming for a capacity of 2200 metric tons per day (MTPD). For a higher production capacity, a serial combination of steam reforming and autothermal reforming is used in Case II, while Case III deals with a parallel configuration of CO 2 and steam reforming. A sensitivity analysis shows that the syngas composition significantly affects the thermodynamic performance of the plant. The design cases have exergetic efficiencies of 28.2%, 55.6% and 41.0%, respectively. The plants for higher capacity can produce at a competitive price, while the design in Case I is hardly economically feasible. An exergoeconomic analysis reveals a high cost impact of the reforming unit, air and syngas compressors.

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Section: Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Exergoeconomic Evaluation of the Synthesis Routes for Methanol Production from Natural Gas

2017

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“…These low approaches drive the area requirement up to 13000 square feet. This is slightly larger than a single commercial fin fan cooler, so two would be required [21] …”

Section: Process Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The curves are reproduced from an NETL report. [21] Figure 32 contains a curve of cost versus heat transfer area for shell and tube exchangers. For larger units costs follow the trends of the costing rule of thumb presented in the previous section.…”

Section: Typical Cost Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water recovery using waste heat from coal fired power plants.

Webb¹,

Morrow²,

Altman³

et al. 2011

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The potential to treat non-traditional water sources using power plant waste heat in conjunction with membrane distillation is assessed. Researchers and power plant designers continue to search for ways to use that waste heat from Rankine cycle power plants to recover water thereby reducing water net water consumption. Unfortunately, waste heat from a power plant is of poor quality. Membrane distillation (MD) systems may be a technology that can use the low temperature waste heat (<100 °F) to treat water. By their nature, they operate at low temperature and usually low pressure. This study investigates the use of MD to recover water from typical power plants. It looks at recovery from three heat producing locations (boiler blow down, steam diverted from bleed streams, and the cooling water system) within a power plant, providing process sketches, heat and material balances and equipment sizing for recovery schemes using MD for each of these locations. It also provides insight into life cycle cost tradeoffs between power production and incremental capital costs. 4This page is intentionally left blank 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe goal of this project was to test the feasibility of reducing the makeup water requirements for a power plant by treating non-traditional water sources (e.g., saline groundwater, boiler blow down, cooling tower blow down, oil and gas production water, municipal/industrial produced water, and seawater) using power plant waste heat in conjunction with membrane distillation (MD). The potential benefits are the production of high quality water for cooling tower and boiler makeup utilizing non-traditional water sources. Membrane distillation technology uses a lower amount of energy as the driving force to clean water in comparison to more traditional reverse osmosis or nanofiltration membranes.A thermodynamics based membrane distillation model has been developed to integrate into a power plant model in order to determine the amount of water produced using the different energy sources listed above. This model is described in more detail in Section 2.The power plant model has been developed to evaluate three different energy streams for the use driving membrane distillation: 1) boiler blow down, 2) steam diverted from bleed streams, and 3) the cooling water system. These streams are schematically shown in Figure 17 and more details are given in Section 3.2.

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“…For the nuclear equipment, an installation multiplier (the ratio of installed and uninstalled costs) of 1.35 was used based on the General Atomics pre-conceptual design report. For the hydrogen production plant equipment, installation factors are based on the various equipment references [17][18][19]. The total installed cost of plant equipment is $469,159,854.…”

Section: Input To H2a Lifecycle Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Analysis of a Nuclear Reactor Powered High-Temperature Electrolysis Hydrogen Production Plant

Harvego

McKellar

Sohal

et al. 2008

ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Volume 1

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A reference design for a commercial-scale hightemperature electrolysis (HTE) plant for hydrogen production was developed to provide a basis for comparing the HTE concept with other hydrogen production concepts. The reference plant design is driven by a high-temperature helium-cooled nuclear reactor coupled to a direct Brayton power cycle. The reference design reactor power is 600 MW t , with a primary system pressure of 7.0 MPa, and reactor inlet and outlet fluid temperatures of 540°C and 900°C, respectively. The electrolysis unit used to produce hydrogen includes 4,009,177 cells with a per-cell active area of 225 cm 2 . The optimized design for the reference hydrogen production plant operates at a system pressure of 5.0 MPa, and utilizes an air-sweep system to remove the excess oxygen that is evolved on the anode (oxygen) side of the electrolyzer. The inlet air for the air-sweep system is compressed to the system operating pressure of 5.0 MPa in a four-stage compressor with intercooling. The alternating-current (AC) to direct-current (DC) conversion efficiency is 96%. The overall system thermal-to-hydrogen production efficiency (based on the lower heating value of the produced hydrogen) is 47.1% at a hydrogen production rate of 2.356 kg/s.An economic analysis of this plant was performed using the standardized H2A Analysis Methodology developed by the Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen Program, and using realistic financial and cost estimating assumptions. The results of the economic analysis demonstrated that the HTE hydrogen production plant driven by a high-temperature helium-cooled nuclear power plant can deliver hydrogen at a competitive cost.A cost of $3.23/kg of hydrogen was calculated assuming an internal rate of return of 10%.

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Process Equipment Cost Estimation, Final Report

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

A Comparative Exergoeconomic Evaluation of the Synthesis Routes for Methanol Production from Natural Gas

A Comparative Exergoeconomic Evaluation of the Synthesis Routes for Methanol Production from Natural Gas

Water recovery using waste heat from coal fired power plants.

Economic Analysis of a Nuclear Reactor Powered High-Temperature Electrolysis Hydrogen Production Plant

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