Process-based Reservoir Modelling in the Example of Meandering Channel

Cojan, Isabelle; Fouché, Olivier; López, Simón; Rivoirard, Jacques

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-3610-1_62

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…wells and seismic). Elements of this aspect of the model are described by Lopez (2003) and Cojan et al (2005), while others are under development.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process‐Based Stochastic Modelling: Meandering Channelized Reservoirs

López

Cojan

Rivoirard

et al. 2008

Analogue and Numerical Modelling of Sedimentary Systems: From Understanding to Prediction

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A combined stochastic and process-based approach has been developed for modelling fluvial meandering channels at the hydrocarbon-reservoir scale. The model is based on the spatial evolution of the channel in time, and deposition of the associated sediment bodies. The different elements have been implemented taking into account physical results and case study reports. The three-dimensional evolution of the channel stems from equations developed in hydraulic studies and proven to generate realistic twodimensional shapes. Modifications have been made to account for the vertical evolution of the longitudinal profile. A stochastic algorithm linked with physical parameters allows the simulation of chute cut-off, levee breaching and avulsions. Where appropriate, the model allows for the generation of the different elements of fluvial deposits: point bars, crevasse splays, overbank alluvium, sand and mud plugs as well as organicrich deposits in low areas.To be operational, a limited number of key parameters are user-specified. These allow for the building and testing of different architectures, e.g. allowing the sinuosity and connectivity of sand bodies to vary with avulsion frequency, or reproducing external forcing (aggradation or incision). The resulting model is simple but robust and computationally fast. It depends on a limited number of key parameters, but it is also able to represent various architectures, and can be used to produce one or multiple realizations of a reservoir. It produces detailed three-dimensional blocks that makes it easy to test hypotheses on architecture, and to extract training images or virtual wells as input data for other simulation techniques.

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“…wells and seismic). Elements of this aspect of the model are described by Lopez (2003) and Cojan et al (2005), while others are under development.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process‐Based Stochastic Modelling: Meandering Channelized Reservoirs

López

Cojan

Rivoirard

et al. 2008

Analogue and Numerical Modelling of Sedimentary Systems: From Understanding to Prediction

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such approaches are in their infancy, but use outputs from process-based forward stratigraphic models and process-mimicking forward geostatistical models that are conditioned to well and/or seismic data (e.g. Karssenberg et al 2001;Cojan et al 2004;Pyrcz et al 2009). …”

Section: How Well Do the Models Capture The Outcrop Data?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We consider that an alternative approach based on process-based forward stratigraphic models and process-mimicking forward geostatistical models (e.g. Karssenberg et al 2001;Cojan et al 2004;Pyrcz et al 2009) is more promising because such models can be formulated to explicitly include avulsion processes or their effects. The challenges in applying these forward models include validating their outputs against data-rich modern and ancient reservoir-analogues, and conditioning the models to subsurface well and/or seismic data.…”

Section: Implications For Reservoir Characterization and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Object-based modelling of avulsion-generated sandbody distributions and connectivity in a fluvial reservoir analogue of low to moderate net-to-gross ratio

Villamizar

Hampson

Flood

et al. 2015

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Data from a large-scale outcrop analogue (Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation, Wasatch Plateau, central Utah, USA) were used to construct three-dimensional, object-based reservoir models of low to moderate net-to-gross (NTG) ratios (11-32%). Two descriptive spatial statistical measures, lacunarity and Ripley's K function, were used to characterize sandbody distribution patterns in the different models. Lacunarity is sensitive to sandbody abundance and NTG ratio, while Ripley's K function identifies clustered, random and regular spacing of sandbodies. The object-based modelling algorithm reproduces sandbody dimensions and abundances, but patterns of sandbody distribution generated by river avulsion are poorly replicated because pseudo-well spacing provides only limited constraint on sandbody positions.In common with previous studies, the connected sand fraction in the reservoir models increases with increasing NTG ratio and increasing range of sandbody orientations, but there is significant stochastic variation around both of these trends. In addition, low NTG reservoir models in which sandbodies exhibit strong clustering may also have a low connected sand fraction across the model volume because the sandbody clusters are widely spaced and, thus, tend to be isolated from each other. Consequently, connected sand fraction could be overestimated if avulsion-generated sandbody clusters are not identified and replicated in models of such reservoirs. Research article petgeo2015-004r esearch-articleResearch article10.1144/petgeo2015-004Object-based modelling of avulsion-generated sandbody distributions and connectivity in a fluvial reservoir analogue of low to moderate net-to-gross ratioCarlos

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“…Existing facies modelling algorithms tend to generate either overly-idealised facies realisations which do not fully honour input data, or pixelated statistical facies distributions which lack geological realism (Cojan et al 2004). More sophisticated approaches using multi-point statistics may provide geologically representative realisations but also suffer from the subjective process of selecting a training image as well as an absence of training images which describe facies architectures in three-dimensions.…”

Section: Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, all geostatistical approaches are easily applicable and statistically robust; however, the resultant models may be biased based on the inputs or lack the realism observed in actual geological systems (Cojan et al 2004) Process Modelling…”

Section: Geostatistical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of numerical facies models for coal seam gas reservoirs; Walloon Subgroup, Surat Basin

Shields¹

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The Walloon Subgroup (WSG) represents a prolific coal seam gas (CSG) resource which, in part, underpins three large CSG to liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects operating along the Australian east coast. These mega-projects require long term forecasts of gas production, predictions which are often derived via the dynamic simulation of numerical reservoir models. Reservoir models consist of hierarchical collections of inter-related rock and fluid parameters. The facies model, representing palaeogeography, serves as the foundation of this linkage as it defines the three-dimensional (3D) geometry and distribution of coal seams. This thesis is comprised of complimentary studies aimed at investigating and enhancing the predictive capability of numerical facies models in the Walloon Subgroup.A preliminary screening study investigates CSG production behaviours to understand how reservoir parameters, including the distribution and continuity of coal layers, impact the predictions output by reservoir models. A database of open-source reservoir properties was compiled and used to construct representative reservoir models for three CSG development areas present along the WSG productive fairway in the eastern Surat Basin. Simulation experiments using these models confirms that the distribution and lateral continuity of coal facies are a significant control upon the late-stage production behaviour of CSG wells -a finding which provides impetus for further detailed investigation of WSG facies models.Construction of predictive facies models requires a comprehensive understanding of regional depositional trends, local facies architectures and depositional processes as well as computer routines able to translate this information into numerical 3D grids. Present gaps in the industry's understanding of the WSG highlight the requirement for further studies aimed at 1) refinement of the WSG's regional stratigraphic and palaeogeographic models, 2) delineation of the WSG's reservoir scale internal alluvial architecture, 3) identification of the processes or mechanisms controlling reservoir-scale facies relationships within the WSG and 4) development of workflows better able to represent alluvial facies in numerical reservoir models. The focus of this dissertation is to explore these conceptual gaps leading to improved numerical facies models of the WSG.Investigation of WSG facies models began with a regional study integrating newly available borehole image log data with sedimentological interpretations from cored wells and regional correlations to test and refine existing basin-wide palaeogeographic models for the WSG. This analysis offers a glimpse into fluvial styles and palaeoflow orientations present within the basin's interior and was 2 used to identify regional trends describing the spatial and temporal distribution of alluvial depositional styles. Synthesis of stratigraphic, sedimentological and palaeoflow interpretations developed during this study suggests the presence of a SE oriented trunk drainage system during depo...

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Process-based Reservoir Modelling in the Example of Meandering Channel

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Process‐Based Stochastic Modelling: Meandering Channelized Reservoirs

Process‐Based Stochastic Modelling: Meandering Channelized Reservoirs

Object-based modelling of avulsion-generated sandbody distributions and connectivity in a fluvial reservoir analogue of low to moderate net-to-gross ratio

An investigation of numerical facies models for coal seam gas reservoirs; Walloon Subgroup, Surat Basin

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