Process analysis of polymers by NIR spectroscopy

Fischer, D.; Eichhorn, K.‐J.

doi:10.1051/analusis:199826040058

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Small samples collected from the production line are transferred to a centralized laboratory to be characterized using different instruments. The main drawbacks of this approach are: 1) the collected samples may not be representative of the whole lot of a product, 2) the long delay between collecting and analyzing the samples limits the application of timely feedback control actions which may subsequently lead to off-specification production and defective products [25], [26]. Furthermore, the more complex structure of multilayer films, combined with the variability of feedstocks and raw materials, which is common in the polymer industry, makes off-line characterization inappropriate for rapid monitoring and quality control.…”

Section: Quality Control Of Polymer Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of PLA-talc films using NIR chemical imaging and Multivariate Image Analysis techniques

2018

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Maîtrise en génie chimiqueToutefois, puisque la structure de ces films est plus complexe, le contrôle de qualité de ces derniers est plus difficile. Dans l'industrie, des méthodes hors-ligne sont très souvent utilisées pour effectuer le contrôle de qualité des films produits. Le contrôle est nécessaire puisque la variabilité de la matière première ainsi que le changement des conditions opératoires amènent des modifications qui changent considérablement les propriétés du film. Par conséquent, une inspection en temps réel ainsi qu'un contrôle des films de polymère est nécessaire sur la ligne de production afin d'obtenir un contrôle de qualité s'approchant de l'analyse en temps réel.Un système d'imagerie proche infrarouge (NIR) rapide et non-destructif est proposé pour caractériser les films biodégradables d'acide polylactique contenant du talc produits par extrusion-soufflage et utilisés pour l'emballage. Le but ultime est d'utiliser le système pour faire un contrôle de qualité sur la ligne d'extrusion ainsi qu'après le post-traitement thermique, soit le recuit. Un ensemble d'échantillon de film de PLA contenant différentes concentrations en talc ont été fabriqués. Ces derniers ont ensuite été soumis à différentes conditions de recuit. Des images NIR ont été collectées avant la caractérisation des propriétés physiques et mécaniques ainsi que l'étanchéité aux gaz. Des techniques d'imagerie multivariées ont été appliquées aux images hyperspectrales. Celles-ci ont montré que la quantité de talc peut être déterminée et que l'information du spectre NIR permet de prédire les propriétés du film. Dans tous les cas, la méthode proposée permet de déterminer les variations dans les propriétés du film avec une bonne précision. iv AbstractFood packaging plays a great role in the food industry to maintain food products quality as long as possible. Polymer films are widely used in food packaging and also attract attention because of their outstanding advantages. Since petroleum-based polymers are known to cause environmental concerns, biodegradable polymers like PLA were studied more intensively in recent years due to their environmentally friendly properties. The application of reinforced films exceeds simple ones in achieving specific functions and enhancing their properties such as barrier properties. Since the films structures are more complex, quality control is more challenging. In industry, off-line methods are vastly used for quality control of the produced films while variability in raw materials and processing conditions substantially change the film specifications. Consequently, real-time inspection and monitoring of polymer films is needed on the production line to achieve a real-time quality control of the films.A fast and non-invasive near-infrared (NIR) imaging system is proposed to characterize biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) films containing talc, and produced by extrusion film-blowing for packaging applications. The ultimate goal is to use the system for quality control on the extrusion line, and after a po...

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Section: Quality Control Of Polymer Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of PLA-talc films using NIR chemical imaging and Multivariate Image Analysis techniques

2018

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“…[43] and section 3.3 in this text). A number of studies for extrusion monitoring have been presented in the literature using NIR in transmission and reflectance [3,6,7,40,42,43,46,48,71,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85], Raman spectroscopy [3,6,7,30,42,43,46,[86][87][88][89], UV-visible spectroscopy [90][91][92] and fluorescence spectroscopy [3,[93][94][95][96][97][98][99]. Recently, we applied multivariate analysis also for prediction of the filler content by ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy [47].…”

Section: Also)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of polymer melt processing

Alig

Steinhoff

Lellinger

2010

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The paper reviews the state-of-the-art of in-line and on-line monitoring during polymer melt processing by compounding, extrusion and injection moulding. Different spectroscopic and scattering techniques as well as conductivity and viscosity measurements are reviewed and compared concerning their potential for different process applications. In addition to information on chemical composition and state of the process, the in situ detection of morphology, which is of specific interest for multiphase polymer systems such as polymer composites and polymer blends, is described in detail. For these systems, the product properties strongly depend on the phase or filler morphology created during processing. Examples for optical (UV/vis, NIR) and ultrasonic attenuation spectra recorded during extrusion are given, which were found to be sensitive to the chemical composition as well as to size and degree of dispersion of micro or nanofillers in the polymer matrix. By small-angle light scattering experiments, process-induced structures were detected in blends of incompatible polymers during compounding. Using conductivity measurements during extrusion, the influence of processing conditions on the electrical conductivity of polymer melts with conductive fillers (carbon black or carbon nanotubes) was monitored.

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“…Em contraste com o número de investigações científicas que visam obter aplicações práticas da espectroscopia NIR (12000 a 4000 cm -1 ) para a aná-lise de propriedades físicas, químicas, controle de processo e de qualidade de sistemas poliméricos [1][2][3][4][5][6] , os estudos que fornecem a base para a correlação entre o espectro NIR e uma propriedade desejada têm sido relegados para segundo plano e não têm sido investigados em uma extensão igual a da região do espectro infravermelho médio [7,8] .…”

Section: Espectro Vibracional No Infravermelho Próximo Dos Polímeros unclassified

Espectro Vibracional no Infravermelho Próximo dos Polímeros Poliestireno, Poli(Metacrilato de Metila) e Policarbonato

Araújo¹,

Kawano²

2001

Polímeros

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Resumo: Os espectros no infravermelho próximo (NIR) dos polímeros amorfos poliestireno (PS), poli(metacrilato de metila) (PMMA) e policarbonato (PC) foram estudados. A tentativa de atribuição das bandas harmônicas e de combinação dos modos vibracionais do PS, PMMA e PC foi realizada baseando-se na teoria de modos locais e pelo uso do método matemático de ajuste de curvas. A correção de anarmonicidade e freqüência mecânica foi determinada em um gráfico de Birge-Sponer. Uma correção de anarmonicidade de 57 e 58 cm -1 foi obtida para os modos de estiramento dos grupos CH 2 e CH do PS; 59 e 9 cm -1 para os modos de estiramento dos grupos CH 3 e CO do PMMA e 53, 59 e 10 cm -1 para os modos de estiramento dos grupos CH, CH 3 e CO do PC, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Infravermelho próximo, poliestireno, poli(metacrilato de metila), policarbonato. Near-Infrared Spectra of Polystyrene, Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) and PolycarbonateAbstract: The near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the amorphous polymers polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and polycarbonate (PC) have been studied. The tentative assignment of the overtone and combination frequencies is made using the curve fitting calculations and the local mode theory. Anharmonicity correction and mechanical frequency were determined from a Birge-Sponer plot. A tentative assignment of stretch overtone frequency of CH 2 and CH functional groups of PS; CH 3 and CO functional groups of PMMA and CH, CH 3 and CO functional groups of PC has been made. An anharmonicity correction of 57 and 58 cm -1 was obtained for CH 2 and CH stretch modes of PS; 59 and 9 cm -1 for CH 3 and CO stretch modes of PMMA and 53, 59 and 10 cm -1 for CH, CH 3 and CO stretch modes of PC, respectively. Keyword: Near-infrared, polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), polycarbonate. IntroduçãoEm contraste com o número de investigações científicas que visam obter aplicações práticas da espectroscopia NIR (12000 a 4000 cm -1 ) para a aná-lise de propriedades físicas, químicas, controle de processo e de qualidade de sistemas poliméricos [1][2][3][4][5][6] , os estudos que fornecem a base para a correlação entre o espectro NIR e uma propriedade desejada têm sido relegados para segundo plano e não têm sido investigados em uma extensão igual a da região do espectro infravermelho médio [7,8] .Esse fato se deve em parte às dificuldades experimentais, em parte à complexidade de interpretação do espectro NIR e, muito provavelmente, também devido ao uso da espectroscopia NIR em materiais polimé-ricos não se encontrar em um estágio avançado. Devido a avanços instrumentais e matemáticos ocorridos principalmente nos anos 80, entretanto, algumas atribuições baseadas na teoria de modos locais do espectro NIR embora empíricas, foram realizadas para alguns polímeros estudados em solução [9,10] . A teoria de modos normais, utilizada pelos espectroscopistas para analisar espectros vibracionais,

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Process analysis of polymers by NIR spectroscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Characterization of PLA-talc films using NIR chemical imaging and Multivariate Image Analysis techniques

Characterization of PLA-talc films using NIR chemical imaging and Multivariate Image Analysis techniques

Monitoring of polymer melt processing

Espectro Vibracional no Infravermelho Próximo dos Polímeros Poliestireno, Poli(Metacrilato de Metila) e Policarbonato

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