Proceedings of the XII International Scientific and Practical Conference

Abstract

NEW INTEGRATIONS OF MODERN EDUCATION IN UNIVERSITIES13 you can see drones working hard over the fields, whose name, ironically, comes from the English word "drone".According to PwC, in 2015, the potential of the target market that could use UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) in agriculture was $32.4 billion. THE POTENTIAL OF THE TARGET MARKET FOR THE USE OF UAVS WAS 32.4 BILLION US DOLLARS. The agricultural sector is currently the main consumer of drone services. For example, in the United States, the International Association of Unmanned Vehicle Systems (AUVSI) estimates that 80% of civilian drones are used in the agricultural sector.At the same time, the development of the market for so-called "small UAVs" weighing up to 25 kg is currently one of the fastest growing. According to ABI Research, by 2025, it will exceed $30 billion, of which 70% will be accounted for by the commercial sector and, primarily, by agriculture.1.1 Types of drones. Before we talk about the possibilities and prospects for the agricultural use of drones, let us first look at their types and design features. Two types of drones are most common around the world: airplane drones (e.g., e Bee Ag from SenseFly) and multirotor drones (perhaps the most popular among them are various models of Phantom quadcopters from DJI). Multi-rotor drones are divided into triquad, hexa, and octocopters, respectively, depending on the number of propellers (rotors).Multi-rotor drones are generally cheaper, but usually have a shorter continuous flight time, less coverage per flight, and lower payload capacity. Drones in agriculture can perform a variety of operations:1. Aerial photography is used to detect bald spots, crop damage caused by natural factors, and other defects that need to be eliminated in a timely manner. Aerial photography from a drone is much more detailed than satellite imagery due to its low flight altitude.2.Video recording -the performance of the aircraft during video recording reaches 30 km² in 1 hour, which significantly reduces time and financial costs compared to the use of ground-based equipment.3. 3D modeling -allows you to identify waterlogged or arid areas, excavation, and correctly create plans and maps for soil moisture or drainage, site reclamation, or land reclamation.4. Thermal imaging is carried out using the entire spectrum of infrared radiation: near, middle, and far ranges.5.The study makes it possible to determine the timing of differentiation of growth points, which directly affects the yield and preservation of productive properties of plants while maintaining the hereditary capabilities of the variety.6. Laser scanning -used for terrain analysis in hard-to-reach or inaccessible areas. This method provides an accurate high-density model with detailed terrain mapping even when working in conditions of strongly dense plantations.7.Spraying -due to the possibility of retrofitting, drones are used for spot spraying of plants and fruit trees. This approach allowed farmers to treat only diseased plants, avoiding chemicals from get...