Proceedings #31: Cortical Network Complexity under Different Levels of Excitability Controlled by Electric Fields

Barbero‐Castillo, Almudena; Weinert, Julia F.; Camassa, Alessandra; Perez-Mendez, Lorena; Caldas-Martinez, Sara; Mattia, Maurizio; Sanchez-Vives, Maria V.

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.200

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In other words, the sPCI scored higher just because bath-application of modulators such as CCh or NE increased the excitability of the slice. However, if that were the case, any experimental manipulation increasing the excitability of the slice would result in higher sPCI values compared with those obtained under the SO regime ( Barbero-Castillo et al, 2019 ; D'Andola et al, 2017 ) already demonstrated the opposite, showing that either bath-application of a glutamate receptor agonist (kainate) or electric field modulation (respectively) in cortical slices increased network excitability without affecting sPCI. Finally, the authors did not find a relationship between network excitability and sPCI ( D'Andola et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Network complexity can be measured by different means in the spontaneous activity, either electrophysiological or imaging signal. A variety of such measures exist, including Lempel–Ziv compressibility ( Szczepański et al, 2003 ; Hudetz et al, 2016 ), Shannon entropy ( Zhao et al, 2010 ), entropy of wave propagation ( Barbero-Castillo et al, 2019 ), and functional complexity ( Zamora-López et al, 2016 ), among others. However, a perturbational approach presents advantages with respect to an observational one (based on spontaneous activity) because it is less affected by noise or isolated processes, and only assesses information generated through deterministic interactions, which also gives advantages that are useful clinically ( Casali et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, if that were the case, any experimental manipulation increasing the excitability of the slice would result in higher sPCI values compared to those obtained under the SO regime. (Barbero-Castillo et al, 2019;D'Andola et al, 2017) already demonstrated the opposite, showing that either bath-application of a glutamate receptor agonist (kainate) or electric field modulation (respectively) in cortical slices increased network excitability without affecting sPCI.…”

Section: Local Network Excitability Bistability and The Integration-segregation Balance In Brain Slicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of GABA_A and GABA_B Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

et al. 2021

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Quantitative estimations of spatiotemporal complexity of cortical activity patterns are used in the clinic as a measure of consciousness levels, but the cortical mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We used a version of the Perturbational Complexity Index adapted to multisite recordings from the ferret (either sex) cerebral cortex in vitro (sPCI) to investigate the role of GABAergic inhibition in cortical complexity. We studied two dynamical states: slow-wave activity (synchronous state) and desynchronized activity, that express low and high causal complexity respectively.Progressive blockade of GABAergic inhibition during both regimes revealed its impact on the emergent cortical activity and on sPCI. Gradual GABA A receptor blockade resulted in higher synchronization, being able to drive the network from a desynchronized to a synchronous state, with a progressive decrease of complexity (sPCI). Blocking GABA B receptors also resulted in a reduced sPCI, in particular when in a synchronous, slow wave state. Our findings demonstrate that physiological levels of inhibition contribute to the generation of dynamical richness and spatiotemporal complexity. However, if inhibition is diminished or enhanced, cortical complexity decreases. Using a computational model, we explored a larger parameter space in this relationship and demonstrate a link between excitatory/inhibitory balance and the complexity expressed by the cortical network. 3 Significance statementThe spatiotemporal complexity of the activity expressed by the cerebral cortex is a highly revealing feature of the underlying network's state. Complexity varies with physiological brain states: it is higher during awake than during sleep states. But it also informs about pathological states: in disorders of consciousness, complexity is lower in an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome than in a minimally conscious state. What are the network parameters that modulate complexity? Here we investigate how inhibition, mediated by either GABA A or GABA B -Rs, influences cortical complexity. And we do this departing from two extreme functional states: a highly synchronous, slow-wave state, and a desynchronized one that mimics wakefulness. We find that there is an optimal level of inhibition in which complexity is highest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Network Excitability Bistability and The Integration-segregation Balance In Brain Slicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of GABA_A and GABA_B Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

et al. 2021

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“…In order to further explore the cortical dynamics in WBS mice, we used surface-subdural arrays of 32 electrodes (micro-ECoG) covering different areas (visual, retrospenial, parietal association, somatosensory, and motor cortex) of one hemisphere. We first measured the propagation of the slow waves [22,29,44], a property that is highly revealing of the underlying network. We quantified the diversity of the propagating waves as the entropy in the plane of the first and second principal components of the waves (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The projection of the TimeLagMatrix on the first two principal component spaces was used to compute a measure of complexity based on the entropy of wavefronts' activation [29].…”

Section: Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Neocortical Dynamics in a Mouse Model of Williams–Beuren Syndrome

et al. 2019

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Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by moderate intellectual disability and learning difficulties alongside behavioral abnormalities such as hypersociability. Several structural and functional brain alterations are characteristic of this syndrome, as well as disturbed sleep and sleeping patterns. However, the detailed physiological mechanisms underlying WBS are mostly unknown. Here, we characterized the cortical dynamics in a mouse model of WBS previously reported to replicate most of the behavioral alterations described in humans. We recorded the laminar local field potential generated in the frontal cortex during deep anesthesia and characterized the properties of the emergent slow oscillation activity. Moreover, we performed micro-electrocorticogram recordings using multielectrode arrays covering the cortical surface of one hemisphere. We found significant differences between the cortical emergent activity and functional connectivity between wild-type mice and WBS model mice. Slow oscillations displayed Up states with diminished firing rate and lower high-frequency content in the gamma range. Lower firing rates were also recorded in the awake WBS animals while performing a marble burying task and could be associated with the decreased spine density and thus synaptic connectivity in this cortical area. We also found an overall increase in functional connectivity between brain areas, reflected in lower clustering and abnormally high integration, especially in the gamma range. These results expand previous findings in humans, suggesting that the cognitive deficits characterizing WBS might be associated with reduced excitability, plus an imbalance in the capacity to functionally integrate and segregate information.

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Origin and dynamics of cortical slow oscillations

Sanchez-Vives

2020

Current Opinion in Physiology

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Proceedings #31: Cortical Network Complexity under Different Levels of Excitability Controlled by Electric Fields

Cited by 5 publications

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Impact of GABA_A and GABA_B Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

Impact of GABA_A and GABA_B Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

Altered Neocortical Dynamics in a Mouse Model of Williams–Beuren Syndrome

Origin and dynamics of cortical slow oscillations

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Proceedings #31: Cortical Network Complexity under Different Levels of Excitability Controlled by Electric Fields

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Impact of GABAA and GABAB Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

Impact of GABAA and GABAB Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

Altered Neocortical Dynamics in a Mouse Model of Williams–Beuren Syndrome

Origin and dynamics of cortical slow oscillations

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Impact of GABA_A and GABA_B Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States

Impact of GABA_A and GABA_B Inhibition on Cortical Dynamics and Perturbational Complexity during Synchronous and Desynchronized States