Procedures in Plastic Surgery of Soft Tissues. From Adipose Tissue Grafts to Stem Cells

Abstract

Although significant progress has been made in recent years in plastic and reconstructive surgery procedures, there are still many issues to be solved. Thus, autologous fat transplantation is one of the promising treatments for soft tissue augmentation and facial rejuvenation, due to the lack of incisional scarring and complications associated with foreign materials. However, unpredictable problems and a low rate of graft survival due to partial necrosis occur. Recent research has led to the development of new adipose tissue transplantation techniques, with promising results, without establishing a standard protocol.

Cell therapy with adipose tissue-derived human stem cells in the urinary bladder improves detrusor contractility and reduces voiding residue

“…Mesenchymal stem cells, especially those derived from adipose tissue, have been successfully used clinically (Bacakova et al, 2018). Their applications in skin rejuvenation and wound healing (Hanson et al, 2010;Tobita et al, 2011;Nae et al, 2013;Kokai et al, 2014), in Parry-Romberg syndrome treatment (Sterodimas et al, 2010), inflammatory and/or autoimmune disorders such as Graft versus host disease, multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease (Locke et al, 2009;Frolich et al, 2014;Kokai et al, 2014;Wainstein et al, 2018;Bernardi, et al, 2022), in bone repair (maxilla, calvaria -severe head injury) (Kokai et al, 2014), in osteoarthritis (Schweich-Adami, et al, 2021Schweich-Adami, et al, 2022a, 2022b, in critical ischemia (Lee et al, 2012;Bura et al, 2014), in post-traumatic brachial plexus injury (Thakkar et al, 2014) and in paraplegia after traumatic spinal cord injury (Thakkar et al, 2016), have been described. However, there are no relevant reports on the use of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in renal and/or urological diseases.…”