Procedure for Statistical Categorization of Overweight Vehicles in a WIM Database

Fiorillo, Graziano; Ghosn, Michel

doi:10.1061/(asce)te.1943-5436.0000655

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The improvement of WIM system accuracy is a move towards the WIM system certification by the National Metrological Institutes. This will allow WIM systems to be used for the direct enforcement of weight restrictions which will lead to a reduction in the number of overloaded vehicles [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The reduction of overloading contributes to a reduction in pavement maintenance costs by extension of the pavement serviceability period [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Flexible Pavement Mechanics on the Accuracy of Axle Load Sensors in Vehicle Weigh-in-Motion Systems

Burnos

Ryś

2017

Sensors

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Weigh-in-Motion systems are tools to prevent road pavements from the adverse phenomena of vehicle overloading. However, the effectiveness of these systems can be significantly increased by improving weighing accuracy, which is now insufficient for direct enforcement of overloaded vehicles. Field tests show that the accuracy of Weigh-in-Motion axle load sensors installed in the flexible (asphalt) pavements depends on pavement temperature and vehicle speeds. Although this is a known phenomenon, it has not been explained yet. The aim of our study is to fill this gap in the knowledge. The explanation of this phenomena which is presented in the paper is based on pavement/sensors mechanics and the application of the multilayer elastic half-space theory. We show that differences in the distribution of vertical and horizontal stresses in the pavement structure are the cause of vehicle weight measurement errors. These studies are important in terms of Weigh-in-Motion systems for direct enforcement and will help to improve the weighing results accuracy.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Flexible Pavement Mechanics on the Accuracy of Axle Load Sensors in Vehicle Weigh-in-Motion Systems

Burnos

Ryś

2017

Sensors

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“…This is particularly true when a service load history is available, e.g. from weigh-in-motion (WIM) records (Fiorillo and Ghosn, 2014). Therefore, a cost-benefit analysis for planning load tests should be incorporated into the life-cycle cost analysis of a bridge.…”

Section: Cost-benefit Analysis Of Load Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridge Load Testing: State-of-the-Practice

Alampalli¹,

Frangopol

Grimson³

et al. 2021

J. Bridge Eng.

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Bridge load testing can answer a variety of questions about bridge behavior that cannot be answered otherwise. The current governing codes and guidelines for bridge load testing in the USA are the 1998 NCHRP Manual for Bridge Rating through Load Testing and Chapter 8 of the AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation. Over the past two decades, the practice of load testing has evolved and its intersections with other fields have expanded. The outcomes of load tests have been used to keep bridges open cost-effectively without unnecessarily restricting legal loads, when theoretical analyses cannot yield insights representative of in-service performance. Load testing data can be further used to develop field-verified finite element models of tested bridges to understand these structures better. Additionally, structural reliability concepts can be used to estimate the probability of failure based on the results of load tests, and non-contact measurement techniques capturing large surfaces of bridges allow for better monitoring of structural responses. Given these developments, a new TRB Circular, Primer on Bridge Load Testing, has been developed. This document contains new proposals for interpreting the results of diagnostic load tests, loading protocols, and the determination of bridge load ratings based on the results of proof load tests. In addition, included provisions provide an estimation of the resulting reliability index and the remaining service life of a bridge based on load testing results. The benefit of load testing is illustrated based on a cost-benefit analysis. The current state-of-the-practice has demonstrated that load testing is an effective means for answering many important questions regarding bridge behavior that are critical to decisions on bridge maintenance or replacement. Load testing has evolved over its history, and the newly developed TRB Circular reflects this evolution in a practical way. -3-CE database subject headings bridge maintenance; bridge tests; codes and guidelines; instrumentation; field tests; load testing

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“…A comparison of the data collected at this site to the legal axle and gross weight limits applicable to Upstate New York indicate that the percentage of overweight trucks is 15.2 % of the total truck population. This percentage includes trucks issued permits to carry overweight as well as illegally overweight trucks (Fiorillo & Ghosn, 2014). The WIM data from this site is used to propose a live load pattern that reflects the maximum load effect on bridges along routes with truck traffic similar to that observed at that site by extending a procedure previously developed by Ghosn and Sivakumar (2010), Ghosn, Sivakumar and Miao (2011) and Sivakumar et al (2011).…”

Section: Objectives and Paper Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for development of live load models for refined analysis of short and medium-span highway bridges

Anitori

Casas

Ghosn

2017

Structure and Infrastructure Engineering

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The accuracy of bridge system safety evaluations and reliability assessments obtained through refined structural and Finite Element (FE) analyses depends not only on the accuracy of the structural model itself but also on the proper modeling of the maximum traffic loads. While current code-specified live load models were calibrated to properly reflect the safety levels of bridge structures analyzed using the simplified methods adopted in bridge design and evaluation manuals, these load models may not lead to accurate results when implemented during refined structural analysis procedures. Accurate live load models need to be defined based on a statistical analysis of real traffic data. This paper describes a method to calibrate appropriate live load models that can be used for advanced analyses of highway bridges. The calibration procedure is demonstrated using actual truck data collected at a representative weigh-in-motion (WIM) station in New York State. Extreme value theory is used to project traffic load effects and calculate the maximum effect expected to take place over different bridge service periods. The proposed calibration methodology is applicable for developing live load models for different bridge types and different design/assessment codes or standards. Live load models obtained using the proposed calibration procedure are readily implementable for deterministic refined analyses of highway bridges to produce similar results to those of complex traffic load simulations. Examples are presented that describe how results of such calibrated live load models would be used in engineering practice.

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Procedure for Statistical Categorization of Overweight Vehicles in a WIM Database

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

The Effect of Flexible Pavement Mechanics on the Accuracy of Axle Load Sensors in Vehicle Weigh-in-Motion Systems

The Effect of Flexible Pavement Mechanics on the Accuracy of Axle Load Sensors in Vehicle Weigh-in-Motion Systems

Bridge Load Testing: State-of-the-Practice

Methodology for development of live load models for refined analysis of short and medium-span highway bridges

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