Procedural memory in infancy: Evidence from implicit sequence learning in an eye-tracking paradigm

Koch, Felix‐Sebastian; Sundqvist, Annette; Thornberg, Ulrika Birberg; Nyberg, Sandra; Lum, Jarrad A. G.; Ullman, Michael T.; Barr, Rachel; Rudner, Mary; Heimann, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2019.104733

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In three studies undertaken with pediatric samples (Karatekin et al, 2007;Karatekin et al, 2009;Koch et al, 2020) saccadic latency was found to be sensitive to sequence learning effects. In these studies, saccadic latency decreased across sequence blocks and increased on a random block.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the studies undertaken with children (Karatekin et al, 2007;Karatekin et al, 2009), explicit instructions were provided to look at the visual stimulus. In an infant version of the oculomotor SRT task (Koch et al, 2020), commencement of each trial was contingent on a fixation being made to the visual stimulus. Performance on these versions of the SRT task appear to have been more closely linked to the speed saccades could be executed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some studies, eye-movements are recorded concurrently with manual responses (Karatekin et al, 2007;Lum, 2020). In other studies, no manual responses are made, and the task only requires eye-movements to be made to the visual stimulus (Bloch et al, 2020;Kinder et al, 2008;Koch et al, 2020). Importantly, neuroimaging research indicates oculomotor sequence learning on the task also activates the basal ganglia (Albouy et al, 2008).…”

Section: Oculomotor Variants Of the Serial Reaction Time Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implicit manual and oculomotor sequence learning in developmental language disorder

Lum

2021

Developmental Science

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Procedural memory functioning in developmental language disorder (DLD) has largely been investigated by examining implicit sequence learning by the manual motor system. This study examined whether poor sequence learning in DLD is present in the oculomotor domain. Twenty children with DLD and 20 age-matched typically developing (TD) children were presented with a serial reaction time (SRT) task. On the task, a visual stimulus repeatedly appears in different positions on a computer display which prompts a manual response. The children were unaware that on the first three blocks and final block of trials, the visual stimulus followed a sequence. On the fourth block, the stimulus appeared in random positions. Manual reaction times (RT) and saccadic amplitudes were recorded, which assessed sequence learning in the manual and oculomotor domains, respectively. Manual RT were sensitive to sequence learning for the TD group, but not the DLD group. For the TD group, manual RT increased when the random block was presented. This was not the case for the DLD group. In the oculomotor domain, sequence learning was present in both groups. Specifically, sequence learning was found to modulate saccadic amplitudes resulting in both DLD and TD children being able to anticipate the location of the visual stimulus. Overall, the study indicates that not all aspects of the procedural memory system are equally impaired in DLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oculomotor Variants Of the Serial Reaction Time Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implicit manual and oculomotor sequence learning in developmental language disorder

Lum

2021

Developmental Science

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“…To further explore whether manual responses are needed to learn a sequence, oculomotor variants of the SRT task have been used (Albouy et al, 2006; Karatekin et al, 2007; Kinder et al, 2008; Koch et al, 2020; Marcus et al, 2006; Vakil et al, 2017). In oculomotor SRT studies, eye movements are recorded as each visual stimulus appears on the computer display.…”

Section: Eye-tracking Studies Of Sequence Learning On the Srt Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is also increasing interest in sequence learning by the oculomotor system. To date, this literature has focused on how sequence learning influences the latency characteristics of eye movements (e.g., Albouy et al, 2006; Karatekin, Marcus, & White, 2007; Kinder, Rolfs, & Kliegl, 2008; Koch et al, 2020; Marcus, Karatekin, & Markiewicz, 2006; Vakil, Bloch, & Cohen, 2017). The current study builds on this work by investigating the effects of sequence learning on another eye-movement parameter, saccadic amplitude.…”

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confidence: 99%

Incidental learning of a visuo-motor sequence modulates saccadic amplitude: Evidence from the serial reaction time task.

Lum

2020

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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This study examined the changes in saccadic amplitude associated with learning a visual sequence. The oculomotor system gradually adjusts saccadic parameters when tracking a visual stimulus, which has a predictable trajectory. In these contexts, the change in saccadic amplitudes leads to predictive fixations. That is, fixations made to a position in the visual field, where a visual stimulus is anticipated to appear. This study tested whether learning a sequence of visual target movements on the serial reaction time (SRT) task would affect saccadic amplitudes and in turn lead to predictive fixations. Participants in this study were 40 healthy adults who completed the SRT task. Both manual reaction times (RTs) and eye movements were recorded. Analyses of manual RT data showed that at the group level, the sequence was learnt. Analyses of the oculomotor data revealed saccadic amplitudes decreased, following repeated exposures to the visual sequence. Also, increasingly more accurate predictive fixations were observed, following multiple exposures to the sequence. Additional analyses revealed sequence learning related changes in manual RTs, and saccadic amplitudes were not correlated. This study demonstrates the oculomotor system can acquire information about the sequence on the SRT task to update saccadic amplitudes. The nonsignificant correlation between manual RTs and saccadic amplitudes may be indicating sequences are represented differently by the manual and oculomotor systems.

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References

2023

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

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Procedural memory in infancy: Evidence from implicit sequence learning in an eye-tracking paradigm

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Implicit manual and oculomotor sequence learning in developmental language disorder

Implicit manual and oculomotor sequence learning in developmental language disorder

Incidental learning of a visuo-motor sequence modulates saccadic amplitude: Evidence from the serial reaction time task.

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