Procedural factors associated with successful recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy—a nationwide register-based observational study

Abstract

Introduction Several studies have addressed technical aspects of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), but it is not well known how procedural factors contribute to technical success in routine healthcare. The aim was to explore factors associated with technically successful EVT on nationwide scale. Methods We did an observational register-based study assessing factors associated with technical success off anterior circulation EVT in Sweden. The main outcome was successful recanalization defined as modified treatment in cerebral ischemia score 2b-3. The association between baseline and treatment variables and successful recanalization were explored using Chi-square(d) test and univariable logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression was used to define predictors of successful recanalization. Results The study included 3211 patients treated during 2015 to 2020. Successful recanalization was achieved in 83.1% (2667) with a gradual improvement in technical outcome over the period. After adjustment for age and occlusion location, thet use of general anesthesia, balloon guide catheter (BGC) and an operator with an overall success rate of >85% were independent predictors of successful recanalization. An overall operator success rate of <80% or 80–85%, and an annual center volume lower than 50 were predicitors of recanalization failure. Conclusion This study illustrates factors associated with procedural success in endovascular thrombectomy on a nationwide scale including the use of general anesthesia, BGC, annual center volumes >50 cases per year and the overall success rate of the individual operator. It highlights the potential benefit of systematic performance measurements, benchmarking, and continuous training to bring all centers and operators to the highest level of performance.