Procambarus clarkii in Lake Naivasha, Kenya, and its effects on established and potential fisheries

Lowery, R. S.; Mendes, Ângelo

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(77)90069-2

Cited by 50 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Our results are not wholly surprising, however. In fact, apart from ideal conditions in very small temporary pools (Ilhéu, Bernardo & Fernandes, 2007), the opportunistic P. clarkii usually feeds only on dead, dying or immobilised fish (Lowery & Mendes, 1977; Renai & Gherardi, 2004) and on eggs (Xinya, 1995). Non‐indigenous crayfish such as Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), however, may be able to inflict direct damage through their predatory activity to benthic fish or may outcompete them for the access of shelters (Guan & Wiles, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive crayfish in Europe: the impact of Procambarus clarkii on the littoral community of a Mediterranean lake

2007

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SUMMARY1. Despite the growing number of non-indigenous crayfish species introduced worldwide, little scientific attention has been given to their effects on the recipient communities. Here, we quantified the impact of adult red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) on key components of the littoral community of a mesotrophic lake in central Italy. We used two densities of crayfish plus a no-crayfish control, and two complementary methods -in situ enclosures and a laboratory study. 2. Both experiments showed that P. clarkii strongly affects the community even at a low density (4 m )2 ), although a high crayfish density (8 m )2 ) showed a more pronounced impact in a shorter time.3. In enclosures, P. clarkii quickly consumed the pond snail Haitia acuta, notwithstanding its anti-predator behaviour, but not the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. The biomass of the hydrophytes Nymphoides peltata and Potamogeton spp. was strongly reduced by crayfish grazing, coupled with their non-consumptive plant clipping and uprooting, which were particularly intense in the case of Potamogeton crispus. In contrast, Utricularia australis was avoided by P. clarkii, even when other resources were exhausted. 4. The introduction of P. clarkii could reduce biodiversity and increase biotic homogenisation in a short time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive crayfish in Europe: the impact of Procambarus clarkii on the littoral community of a Mediterranean lake

2007

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“…P, clarkii, like other crayfish species, usually develops a polytrophic strategy by switching from detritivorel scavenger to herbivorelcarnivore in response to food availability (Hobbs 199 1). Although significant amounts of organic detritus, macroinvertebrates (including crayfishes), and fishes are often present in stomach contents of P. clarkii (Lowery and Mendes 1977, Wiemicki 1984, IlhCu and Bemardo 1993a, field studies suggest that living macrophytes may be a major component of its diet when macrophytes are abundant in the aquatic environment (IlhCu and Bemardo 1993a). Moreover, laboratory experiments have shown that P. clarkii can exhibit feeding preference for vegetal food versus animal food if the energetic cost involved in active predation is high (Ilhdu and Bemardo 1993b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Feeding Preference of the Red Swamp CrayfishProcambarus clarkii(Girard) on Living Macrophytes in a Spanish Wetland

Cirujano

Camargo

Gómez‐Cordovés

2004

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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We carried out field studies and laboratory experiments to investigate (1) the possible feeding preference of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii on living macrophytes, and (2) the influence that such a feeding preference can cause on the distribution and bundance of P. clarkii in wetland systems. Field studies, at two sampling areas of the Spanish wetland Tablas de Daimiel National Park (TDNP), showed that P. clarkii had significantly higher mean values of density and biomass at S-2 (with Chara hispida as the dominant macrophyte) than at S-1 (with Ceratophyllum submersum as the dominant macrophyte). Laboratory experiments showed that P. clarkii had a significant feeding preference for C. hispida versus C. submersum. Analyses of the biochemical composition of each macrophyte species showed that the unpreferred macrophyte (C. submersum) had higher amounts @er unit of biomass) of total protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium and phenolic compounds than the preferred macrophyte (C. hispida). By contrast, C. hispida had more calcium per unit of biomass than C. submersum. Overall, we conclude that the presence of higher amounts of phenolic compounds in C. submersum might be the foremost factor responsible for the observed feeding preference of P. clarkii on living macrophytes in TDNP.

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“…In Africa, P. clarkii has been introduced to Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya, Egypt, Sudan, Zambia and South Africa (Cumberlidge, ; Hobbs et al, ; Mikkola, ). Its introduction into Lake Naivasha, Kenya, in 1970 is notorious, as it became the dominant invertebrate of the lake and attained extremely high densities very rapidly (Harper et al, ; Lowery & Mendes, ; Mikkola, ; Smart et al, ). Its populations led to the almost complete elimination of floating and submerged aquatic macrophytes, as well as to a decrease in native populations of snails and freshwater crabs from adjacent rivers (Foster & Harper, , ; Harper et al, ; Smart et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, found in South Africa 22 years after attempted eradication

Nunes

Hoffman

Zengeya

et al. 2017

Aquatic Conservation

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1. No freshwater crayfish are indigenous to continental Africa, but four species have been introduced to the continent. One of these is the North American red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, which has been introduced into several African countries, mainly for aquaculture, and has had demonstrable impacts where it has escaped captivity. In South Africa, the documentation of this species in farm dams near Dullstroom and the adjacent Crocodile River in 1988 resulted in an eradication attempt in 1994, with unknown results. 2. In order to evaluate the status of P. clarkii in South Africa, dams on the previously invaded farm and the Crocodile River were sampled four times between December 2015 and June 2016 using visual surveys, trapping, dipnetting and electrofishing. This yielded a single reproductively active male P. clarkii from one of the farm ponds, while many other native aquatic species were found in high numbers. 3. It is clear from this study that P. clarkii was not eradicated in South Africa and that individuals have been surviving in the wild (i.e. outside captivity or cultivation) for at least 28 years in the location where it was introduced. Containment and eradication of the species are proposed as management actions, which have major importance in preventing undesirable further spread or translocation of this species into new aquatic environments in South Africa.

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Procambarus clarkii in Lake Naivasha, Kenya, and its effects on established and potential fisheries

Cited by 50 publications

References 1 publication

Invasive crayfish in Europe: the impact of Procambarus clarkii on the littoral community of a Mediterranean lake

Invasive crayfish in Europe: the impact of Procambarus clarkii on the littoral community of a Mediterranean lake

Feeding Preference of the Red Swamp CrayfishProcambarus clarkii(Girard) on Living Macrophytes in a Spanish Wetland

Red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, found in South Africa 22 years after attempted eradication

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