Procalcitonin for accurate detection of infection in haemodialysis

Herget–Rosenthal, Stefan; Marggraf, G; Pietruck, Frank; Hüsing, Johannes; Strupat, Miriam; Philipp, Thomas; Kribben, Andreas

doi:10.1093/ndt/16.5.975

Cited by 72 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is expressed by many endothelial tissues throughout the body including the adrenal medulla, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal organs, and heart [216][217][218][219]. ADM is secreted as an inactive precursor (pro-ADM) and subsequently cleaved into the active form where it acts as a potent vasodilator through the nitric oxide pathway and increases diuresis and natriuresis [220][221][222].…”

Section: Free Radicals and Diseases 290mentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Radicals and Biomarkers Related to the Diagnosis of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Restini¹,

Pereira²,

Geleilete³

2016

Free Radicals and Diseases

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The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group has postulated the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) as an interaction between the kidneys and the cardiovascular system in which therapy to relieve congestive heart failure (HF) symptoms is limited by the further worsening renal function. CRS is classified from type I to V, taking into account the progression of the symptoms in terms of mechanisms, clinical conditions, and biomarkers. Experimental and clinical studies have shown the kidney as both a trigger and a target to sympathetic nervous system (SNS) overactivity. Renal damage and ischemia, activation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), and dysfunction of nitric oxide (NO) system are associated with kidney adrenergic activation. Indeed, the imbalances of RAAS and/or SNS share an important common process in CRS: the activation and production of free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present chapter addresses connections of the free radicals as potential biomarkers as the imbalances in the RAAS and the SNS are developed. Understanding the involvement of free radicals in CRS may bring knowledge to design studies in order to develop accurate pharmacological interventions.

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Section: Free Radicals and Diseases 290mentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Radicals and Biomarkers Related to the Diagnosis of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Restini¹,

Pereira²,

Geleilete³

2016

Free Radicals and Diseases

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“…For CHD patients, values accepted as normal were ≤5 mg/L. [13][14][15] B 2 -m was measured by immunoenzymometric assay (TOSOH, Tokyo, Japan) with a normal range of 1-2.4 mg/L.…”

Section: Laboratory Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Correlation of B₂-Microglobulin (B₂-m) with Procalcitonin (PCT) in the Serum of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Role for Infections in the Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis?

et al. 2008

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Introduction. Infections trigger the activation of defensive cells capable to produce and release B 2 -microglobulin (B 2 -m). Procalcitonin (PCT), secreted by a wide range of human cells, included the aforementioned defensive cells, is generally considered a sensitive and specific marker of infection. In this prospective study, we examined the possibility that infections, as detected by increased levels of PCT, increase the serum levels of B 2 -m in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients, possibly affecting the rate of progression of dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). Methods. For a period of four months, 76 CHD patients, 45 men/ 31 women, mean age 63 ± 15.7 years, with no residual renal function and in HD for 46 ± 50 months were studied bimonthly. Blood was drawn, at baseline T(0), two months T(2), and four months T(4), for measuring hematocrit (Ht), white blood cells (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), blood urea and serum creatinine, protein (albumin, globulin), C-reactive protein (CRP), and PCT και B 2 -m. Any events (especially infections) in the preceding 10-day period were recorded. Results. At baseline, 100% of all B 2 -m measurements were abnormal (>2.4 mg/ L), 13.4% of PCT values were increased (>1.5 ng/mL), and 49.4% of CRP values exceeded the lower limit of 5 mg/L with no statistically significant differences between the results of the three periods of the study. Statistically significant, in all periods, was the linear positive correlation of B 2 -m with PCT (T[0]: p < 0.001, T[2]: p < 0.004, T[4]: p < 0.001). Also, statistically significant (p < 0.005) was the positive correlation of B 2 -m to HD vintage. Conclusions. In this study, the strong positive correlation of B 2 -m to PCT probably signifies that the (mainly subclinical) infections increase B 2 -m production in CHD patients intensifying the problem of HD-related amyloidosis.

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“…Ultrasonography is the most common modes for visualizing aberration in the number, size, and texture and position of the kidneys (1,1 1,15,18) and related structures as well as the presence of mineralizing densities (4,10,13,14). The elearance of endogenous creatinine has been used as a measure of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) since the 1940s (5,8,12), which can be cakulated with different method s using different parameters. Using Cockroft-Gault equation, it is possible to calculate creatinine elearance with sufficient accuracy, provided serum creatinine and the patients weight and age, as follows: creatinine elearance=(140-age …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, BUN and creatinine levels, which are two most significant parameters for diagnosis of kidney abnormalities, were measured in this study, Creatinine is thought to be a more reliable indicator of kidney function, as it well shows that the kidneys are filtering out the toxins, and is less dependent on dietary factors and hydration status of the dog. Serum creatinine is freely filtered İn the glomeruli and there is normally 10-40% excretion in the tubules (5,8,12). In the study presented here, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen values were high, implying renal function disorders and consistent with diagnosis by ultrasonography.…”

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confidence: 99%

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EvaIuation of kidney abnormalities in mongrel dogs using clinical, ultrasonographical and biochemical examinations

Gönenci¹,

Durgut²,

Erdoğan³

et al. 2003

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:In this study, 25 female and 15 male mongrel dogs, aged ranging from i to 7 years, were used. They were subjected to clinical, ultrasonographical and biochemical examinations. Ultrasonographically in 18 of the 40 do gs (45%), different kidney abnormalities were observed, whereas the other 22 dogs were found normaL. Likewise, serum urea and creatinine levels were measured to be higher in the dogs with kidney abnormalities. Serum creatinine elearance estimated using the Cockroft-Gault equation was exceeding the physiological range. In conelusion, for mongrel dogs ultrasonographic examination, measurements of serum urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, and calculation of serum creatinine elearance using the Cockroft-Gault equation might be useful to diagnose early kidney abnormalities.Key words: Biochemical analysis, dog, kidney, ultrasonography Melez köpeklerde böbrek bozukluklarının ultrasonografi ve biyokimyasal muayenelerle değerlendirilmesiÖzet: Bu çalışmada yaşları i-7 arasında değişen 25 dişi ve 15 erkek melez köpek kullanıldı. Köpekler her iki böbrek yönünden klinik, ultrasonografik ve biyokimyasal yönden muayene edildi. Ultrasonografide kırk köpeğin i 8'inde (%45) farklı böbrek anormallikleri gözlenirken diğer 22 köpeğin normalolduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, serum üre ve kreatinin düzeyi ile Cockroft-Gault denklemini kullanarak belirlenen serum kreatinin klirensi, böbrek anormalliği belirlenen bu köpeklerde fizyolojik sınırların üstündeydi. Sonuç olarak, erken böbrek anormalliklerini tanımak için rutin olarak ultrasonografik muayenenin yapılması, serum üre ve kreatinin seviyelerinin ölçülmesi yanısıra Cockroft-Gault formülünü kullanarak serum kreatinin klirensinin düzenli olarak hesaplanmasınında faydalı olabilleceği kanısına varıldı.

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Procalcitonin for accurate detection of infection in haemodialysis

Abstract: Serum PCT is an accurate indicator of severe infection and sepsis in patients receiving intermittent HD. High-flux membranes substantially decrease PCT. When utilizing high flux membranes, serum PCT concentrations should be determined prior to the start of HD.

Cited by 72 publications

References 32 publications

Free Radicals and Biomarkers Related to the Diagnosis of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Free Radicals and Biomarkers Related to the Diagnosis of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Strong Correlation of B₂-Microglobulin (B₂-m) with Procalcitonin (PCT) in the Serum of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Role for Infections in the Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis?

EvaIuation of kidney abnormalities in mongrel dogs using clinical, ultrasonographical and biochemical examinations

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Procalcitonin for accurate detection of infection in haemodialysis

Abstract: Serum PCT is an accurate indicator of severe infection and sepsis in patients receiving intermittent HD. High-flux membranes substantially decrease PCT. When utilizing high flux membranes, serum PCT concentrations should be determined prior to the start of HD.

Cited by 72 publications

References 32 publications

Free Radicals and Biomarkers Related to the Diagnosis of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Free Radicals and Biomarkers Related to the Diagnosis of Cardiorenal Syndrome

Strong Correlation of B2-Microglobulin (B2-m) with Procalcitonin (PCT) in the Serum of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Role for Infections in the Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis?

EvaIuation of kidney abnormalities in mongrel dogs using clinical, ultrasonographical and biochemical examinations

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Strong Correlation of B₂-Microglobulin (B₂-m) with Procalcitonin (PCT) in the Serum of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Role for Infections in the Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis?