Problems of Selected Sectors of Biofuels for Transport in Poland

Borowski, Piotr F.; Kupczyk, A.; Biernat, Krzysztof; Mączyńska-Sęczek, Joanna; Detka, Tomasz; Golisz, Ewa; Gawlowska, A.; Nardo, Mario Di

doi:10.3390/pr9091573

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The actions of most countries in the European Union are aiming to shift from a "brown" economy based on fossil fuels to a green economy, of which electric vehicles are a part [2]. The energy sector in each country is its economic backbone [21,28]. The Czech market is driven by clean nuclear energy.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Car Engines Comparative Analysis: Sustainable Approach

Grzesiak

Sulich

2022

Energies

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The European Union takes significant steps to support the development of the electric sector of the automotive market. This is confirmed by the signed declaration in Glasgow, which leads to a ban on the sale of cars with combustion engines from 2035. This document changes the car industry and makes it dependent on electricity production. The problem identified in this article is the actual impact of implemented solutions concerning the type of engine in cars offered for sale in Czechia, Germany, and Poland. Therefore, the aim of this scientific paper is car engines’ multilevel comparative analysis. The aim of the article is accompanied by a research question: are electric vehicles less harmful to the natural environment? The paper compares cars of the same producer, class, and type with petrol, diesel, hybrid (petrol-electric), and electric engines in terms of the environmental impact. The research method is a comparative SUV analysis supported by the comparison of selected countries’ conditions for electromobility development. The results of this study indicate that vehicles with electric engines emit the least amount of carbon dioxide and are the most environmentally friendly solution in the given comparison criteria.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Car Engines Comparative Analysis: Sustainable Approach

Grzesiak

Sulich

2022

Energies

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“…Finding clean and renewable energy sources is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity in the medium and long-term perspective [13]. In accordance with Directive 2009/28/EC and the document "Draft National Policy Framework for the Development of Alternative Fuels Infrastructure", in the transport sector, Member States were obliged to ensure a minimum 10% share of renewable energy by 2020, and by 2030, this share should increase to at least 14% [14][15][16]. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a significant increase in the production of liquid biofuels obtained from vegetable oils [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and Experimental Studies on Combustion and Co-Combustion of Wood Pellets with Waste Glycerol

Bala-Litwiniak,

Musiał,

Nabiałczyk

2023

Materials

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The shortage of fossil fuels and their rising prices, as well as the global demand for renewable energy and the reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, result in an increased interest in the production of alternative biofuels, such as biodiesel or biomass pellets. In this study, the possibility of utilizing waste glycerol, as an addition to pine pellets intended for heating purposes, has been investigated. The usefulness of pellets containing glycerol additions has been compared in terms of applicable quality standards for wood pellets. The highest values of moisture (4.58%), ash (0.5%) and bulk density (650 kg/m3) were observed for pellets without glycerin waste. The addition of waste glycerol slightly increases the calorific value of the pellet (17.94 MJ/kg for 7.5% additive). A 10-kW domestic biomass boiler has been employed to burn the tested pellets. The consumption of analyzed fuels during boiler operation was determined. The concentration of CO, CO2 and NOx in exhaust gases has also been examined. It was observed that the addition of 7.5% of waste glycerol contributes to the reduction in NOx concentrations by 30 ppm and CO2 by 0.15%. The obtained experimental results were compared with the numerical calculations made with the use of ANSYS Chemkin-Pro. The conducted research indicates the legitimacy of utilizing waste glycerol as an additive to wood pellets. In addition, this type of addition has a positive effect on, among others, the increase in calorific value, as well as lower emissions of combustion products such as NOx and CO2.

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“…Vehicles commonly referred to as electric (electromobility), such as hybrids, electric or hydrogen cells have a good future ahead of them. Therefore, it seems appropriate that the production of electric vehicles in Poland should be based on solutions already used by renowned and reputable car companies [12]. Another issue related to the use of renewable energy in transport is the example of bioethanol and methyl esters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%