Problems of formation of modern professionals in Russian universities in the conditions of political and economic sanctions against Russia and ways of their solution

Abstract

Higher education is the most important factor in the country's economic development, meeting its needs for professionals trained in universities who are capable of implementing the strategy of technological leadership and making the national economy effective and competitive in the context of political and economic sanctions against Russia. Much attention is paid today by higher education authorities to organizing educational work in universities and involving students in various «activities», which is often done in universities even by removing students from classes. However, due to political and economic sanctions against Russia, the national economy is experiencing a major shortage of professional personnel, which can and should be replenished by university graduates. As a result, higher education authorities and Russian universities should currently pay special attention to the development of higher education as professional education. Unfortunately, administrative and economic methods prevail in matters of the content and organization of higher education in universities, reducing the effectiveness of the development of higher education, namely as professional education. This is due to the fact that the management of universities is forced to pay more attention to financial issues in order to optimize and reduce costs, receive (earn) money through grant activities, implement business contracts, change staffing by increasing the intensity of teachers' work, etc. The study of the situation with Russian higher education, including the method of included observation, allows us to identify problems in the field of training modern professionals in domestic universities. At the same time, the «new model» of Russian higher education, which is planned to be implemented in universities by higher education authorities in the near future, from the standpoint of its possible effectiveness raises many doubts that it will ensure the predictive development of higher education as professional education and will allow meeting the needs of the national economy in the professionals it needs. As a result, the issue of solving all the problems identified in the work, both in higher education itself and with higher education itself, becomes relevant. Based on the analysis, including the conclusions of experts and specialists in the field of higher education development, the needs of organizations for university graduates, a number of measures are proposed that allow, to a certain extent, to solve the existing problems in the area under consideration.