Problems and Potential of Industrial Temperature Data from a Cratonic Basin Environment

Förster, Andrea; Merriam, Daniel F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4751-8_2

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Deming (1989) comprehensively reviews the quality of BHT data, notes potential pitfalls of using a well-known method (Horner plot) for estimating equilibrium temperature from BHT, discusses the limits of using empirical relations to correct BHT, cites examples of using BHT in basin studies (Majorowicz and Jessop, 1981;Drury, 1984;Reiter et al, 1986;Deming and Chapman, 1988), and discusses the practicality of using more realistic heat-transfer models (Lee, 1982;Luheshi, 1983;Shen and Beck, 1986). Most BHT studies originate from oil and gas wells, and the data are usually collected before the bottom hole is thermally stabilized (see examples of using BHT in Towend, 1997Towend, , 1999Forster and Merriam, 1999;Majorowicz et al, 1999). Rarely are BHT data precisely timed to within a few minutes or measured to be better than a few hundredths of a degree.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Determination of thermal properties and formation temperature from borehole thermal recovery data

2003

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Thermal recovery in boreholes cooled by circulation of drilling mud has been modeled for estimating formation temperature and thermal conductivity. Coupled with a finite-element simulation of heat conduction, inverse modeling for the desired parameters starts with a genetic algorithm that feeds initial estimates of model parameters to an iterative quasi-linear inversion scheme. In addition to using the rms misfit between the computed and observed borehole temperatures, the results are assessed by comparing or constraining the model formation temperature with a value obtained conventionally from an asymptotic temperature-time relation for a steady line source. The model conductivity is further evaluated for equality with a conductivity value, which is estimated through simulation of heat exchange between the formation and circulating mud. Test results on synthetic data and two sets of highly noisy borehole data from Lake Baikal in Russia indicate that the two equality criteria in temperature and conductivity are achievable. Multiple runs of GA-IM are used to find mean parameter values and their uncertainties. The resultant model conductivity values are consistent with those measured in cores with a needle-probe method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Determination of thermal properties and formation temperature from borehole thermal recovery data

2003

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“…There are numerous thermal history and heat-flow studies in which BHTs were extensively used and where, to compensate for the lack of a temperature log, BHTs were plotted versus depth and a temperature gradient was determined (Majorowicz & Jessop 1981a, b;Majorowicz et al 1984Majorowicz et al , 1999Chapman et al 1984;Deming & Chapman 1988;McPherson & Chapman 1996;Funnell et al 1996). However, recent work has shown that it is impossible to determine unequivocally formation temperature gradients with BHT data Förster & Merriam 1999;Majorowicz et al 1999) and that even on kilometre scales the gradients rarely can be determined to better than 5-14% (Lee et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of borehole temperature data in the Northeast German Basin: continuous logs versus bottom-hole temperatures

Förster

2001

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Temperature recordings from exploration boreholes for hydrocarbons and geothermal energy are evaluated to select the best-suitable data for determining formation temperature and heat flow in the Northeast German Basin. Repeated temperature logs measured in several boreholes allow a classification into equilibrium logs and perturbed logs. For the latter, a simple empirical correction is proposed based on mean annual ground-surface temperature, the estimated amount of temperature correction at total depth of log, and the depth-dependent cross-over point of temperature perturbation due to drilling. Analysis of bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs) showed that the uncorrected values deviate, on average, by as much as 22.2 10.2 C (1 ) from the formation temperature. BHTs corrected using the Horner-plot method are systematically too low by 1-2 C compared to values corrected using the exact solution to the full line-source equation. Both correction methods yield values that underestimate formation temperatures by as much as 9 C and 8 C, respectively. The large standard deviation (1 ) of about 8 C indicates that a corrected BHT reflects (with 96% confidence, 2 ) formation temperature not better than 16 C. However, using temperature logs in conjunction with the corrected BHTs allowed a prediction of formation temperatures with an error less than 10 C at somewhat deeper depths than the log in several boreholes. The availability of continuous temperature logs as a prerequisite for a reduction of error of BHTs significantly reduced the quantity of useable corrected BHTs in the basin.

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“…This correction can be done by plotting BHT versus depth (Forester et al, 1999). An intercept of 53.6°F (average annual surface temperature of West Virginia) is used and a correction factor can be generated by comparing the regression equations.…”

Section: Temperature and Pressure Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional stratigraphic framework of the Tuscarora Sandstone: A model for geologic CO2 storage in West Virginia

Kramer¹

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Evaluation of the regional resource potential for geologic storage of anthropogenic greenhouse gases, primarily CO 2 , is an essential first step in developing policies for carbon management. Within the central Appalachian basin the Lower Silurian Tuscarora Sandstone, a gas producing anticlinal play, has been identified as a potential CO 2 storage target. The Tuscarora extends from New York to Tennessee and is dominantly a white to light-gray, silicacemented orthoquartzite deposited in a fluvial and/or littoral environment. The objective of this study is to analyze the Tuscarora Sandstone in West Virginia to determine its potential for geologic storage of CO 2 , as well as using additional new well data to develop a sequence stratigraphic framework to understand the depositional environment and the effect on regional reservoir quality. In order to evaluate the CO 2 storage resource assessment, the Tuscarora Sandstone was divided into three informal units: an upper, middle and lower member. These members were described for their lithology based on four core descriptions, well cuttings from twenty three wells and four outcrop descriptions. The depositional facies identified for the lower member are a tidal-influenced fluvial sandstone in the northeast as well as a channel fill in shallow incised valleys to the southeast. Carbonate beds present in the lower member in the southwest are interpreted as shallow marine. The middle member is generally a dark-gray shale deposited in a storm-dominated offshore marine environment in the west and deposited in a muddy embayment to the northeast. Finally, the upper member is fine-to coarse-grained and locally conglomeratic, and interpreted as stacked fluvial sandstone beds in the east, transitioning into incised valleys in the west, with increasing marine influence downdip. Increased marine energy is interpreted towards the top of the upper member as grain size decreases and biologic features increase. An increase in shale content to the west also indicates increased marine energy. Using the lithologic descriptions and approximately 175 wells with partial-to-full log suites, the units were placed into a T-R sequence stratigraphic model to understand the depositional environments of Tuscarora Sandstone. The lower and middle members are grouped into a transgressive systems tract (TST), with a maximum flooding surface (MFS) occurring within the middle member. Above this MFS is the regressive systems tract (RST) which includes the lower portion of the upper member. Within the upper member, a transgression occurs with a second sequence that continues upwards into the overlying Rose Hill Formation. The Tuscarora Sandstone is typically a low porosity and low permeability sandstone. Good reservoir properties such as higher than normal porosity and permeability, are observed in the coarse-grained deposits of the RST. Two potential injection intervals for CO 2 storage are identified in the sand-rich lower and upper members. The unrisked calculated storage volume of the lower member and u...

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Problems and Potential of Industrial Temperature Data from a Cratonic Basin Environment

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Determination of thermal properties and formation temperature from borehole thermal recovery data

Determination of thermal properties and formation temperature from borehole thermal recovery data

Analysis of borehole temperature data in the Northeast German Basin: continuous logs versus bottom-hole temperatures

Regional stratigraphic framework of the Tuscarora Sandstone: A model for geologic CO2 storage in West Virginia

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