Problem Solving

Robertson, Simon

doi:10.4324/9781315712796

Cited by 60 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…A higher level of complexity is reached when animals respond in an adaptive manner to novel stimuli that they have never encountered before and that do not predict a specific outcome based on the animals' past experience. Such a positive transfer of learning (also called stimulus transfer) brings us, therefore, to a domain that differs from that of elemental forms of learning …”

Section: Learning About Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning and cognition in insects

Giurfa

2015

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Insects possess small brains but exhibit sophisticated behavioral performances. Recent works have reported the existence of unsuspected cognitive capabilities in various insect species, which go beyond the traditional studied framework of simple associative learning. In this study, I focus on capabilities such as attention, social learning, individual recognition, concept learning, and metacognition, and discuss their presence and mechanistic bases in insects. I analyze whether these behaviors can be explained on the basis of elemental associative learning or, on the contrary, require higher-order explanations. In doing this, I highlight experimental challenges and suggest future directions for investigating the neurobiology of higher-order learning in insects, with the goal of uncovering l architectures underlying cognitive processing.

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Section: Learning About Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning and cognition in insects

Giurfa

2015

WIRES Cognitive Science

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“…Of course, on the other hand, the decision-maker may, due to their previous experience, tend to conservatively opt for those solutions that have proven to be successful in the past and which, over time, may not be as effective (Robertson, 2001). …”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decision-making is also influenced by the attributes of a particular decision-making problem. These may relate to aspects such as the sufficiency of information, the structuredness of the problem, which facilitates a better understanding of the individual parts of the decisionmaking problem and the relationships and connections between them, and, lastly, the clear task of the problem (Jones, 1995;Robertson, 2001;Simon, 2000).…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

The elimination of selected barriers in the decision making process

Mazalová¹,

Richter²

2016

CEJM

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The article presents the partial conclusions of the research Solving Unstructured DecisionMaking Problems in the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. The research was conducted in the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic in the form of a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. The respondents were employees of the ministry working at all managerial levels. The subject of research was the issue of effective problem-solving in the Ministry of Defence. The aim of this article is to identify the key barriers to effective decisionmaking and to propose general principles to eliminate these barriers.

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“…Weak methods are procedures that are imprecise and do not guarantee a solution. Instead, they serve as general-purpose problem-solving strategies or rules of thumb that solvers can fall back on when they do not know what to do directly to solve the problem [32]. An example is the following four-stage problem solving framework: orientation (assess and understand a problem), organization (planning and choice of actions), execution (conform to plans), and verification (evaluation of orientation and organization and evaluation of execution) [20].…”

Section: Software Design and Redesignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing students' software redesign strategies

Stuurman

Passier

Barendsen

2016

Proceedings of the 16th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research

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The design of software is known to be difficult for novice computer scientists. In this paper, we focus on software redesign and on the refactoring necessary to implement a redesign. Redesigning an application aims to improve nonfunctional aspects such as extensibility, without changing the functionality. Redesign is a complex task, involving knowledge and skills from software design in general and the use of design patterns in particular. This study is part of an educational design research project aiming at developing scaffolding for students' software redesign activities in the form of procedural guidance. We investigated students' strategies and usage of concepts during a software redesign assignment using students' reports and team colllaboration recordings as data sources, thus focusing on the process instead of on the design results, in contrast with existing studies. We identified several difficulties that can serve as starting points for procedural guidance. For instance, students seem to avoid using a structured analysis method. Our findings indicate that students' activities were mainly directed towards the code rather than the design problem.

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Problem Solving

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Learning and cognition in insects

Learning and cognition in insects

The elimination of selected barriers in the decision making process

Analyzing students' software redesign strategies

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