“…A meta-analytic study of United States and Canadian gambling disorder prevalence studies estimates a lifetime prevalence of 14.2% for pathological gambling in adult treatment populations including prisons (Shaffer & Hall, 2001) compared to an adult community rate of 1.6%. Studies (Lesieur & Klein, 1985;Templer, Kaiser, & Siscoe, 1993;Walters, 1997;Walters & Contri, 1998;Anderson, 1999;McCorkle, 2002) of adult prison populations in the United States found a prevalence range of 5.2% to 38% for pathological gambling. This range is much higher than the most recent U.S. national prevalence study (Welte, Barnes, Wieczorek, Tidwell & Parker, 2001) which found a current prevalence of 1.3% to 1.9% depending on the assessment instrument.…”