Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, Postbiotics, and Obesity: Current Evidence, Controversies, and Perspectives

Vallianou, Natalia; Stratigou, Theodora; Christodoulatos, Gerasimos Socrates; Tsigalou, Christina; Dalamaga, Maria

doi:10.1007/s13679-020-00379-w

Cited by 123 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…At the genus level, intake of SCU had a selective increase in the enrichment of Lactobacillus, Coprobacillus, Akkermansia, Bi dobacterium, Parabacteroides. Lactobacillus and Bi dobacterium are widely known as probiotics for their potential pathogens inhibition, useful metabolites production (butyrate, succinic acid) and intestinal barrier protection [3,4]. Coprobacillus has been found to play bene cial role in maintaining intestinal stability and liver function [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, their metabolites such as short chain fatty acids can maintain gut mucosal permeability and function, preventing the translocation of microbiota-derived toxin (such as LPS) to the liver to induce in ammation [35]. Short chain fatty acids can also activate hepatic GPCRs via the portal vein and/or systemic circulation, leading to the suppression of pro-in ammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α [4].Correlation analysis also demonstrated that Lactobacillus, Coprobacillus, Akkermansia, Bi dobacterium, Parabacteroides showed bene cial effect to the liver. Therefore, the bene cial roles of SCU on CCl 4 -induced chronic liver injury may be through raising the abundance of Lactobacillus, Coprobacillus, Akkermansia, Bi dobacterium, Parabacteroides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cycle of hepatocyte damage and regeneration not only leads to persistent in ammation but also disrupts the regulation of an intricately balanced relationship between the gut and the liver [2]. The commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus [3], Bi dobacterium [4] that have been widely reported to have antiin ammatory properties and produce bene cial metabolites (such as indoles, propionic acid and secondary bile acid), and play a vital role in hepatic disease and in preserving the balance of the gut-liver axis [5,6]. Thus, the focus on them as a therapeutic target to treat chronic liver injury has been growing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scutellarin Ameliorated Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Mice

Miao

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand. -Mazz. is an edible and traditional medical herb and its extract scutellarin (SCU) is a widely used flavonoid showing anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of SCU on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced chronic liver injury in mice and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Chronic liver injury in mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml/kg CCl4 every three days. SCU (15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg) was administered through gavage every day. Bifendate (120 mg/kg) serves as a positive drug to validate the effectiveness of SCU.Results: The hepatoprotective effect of SCU was confirmed by liver function analysis, histological analysis and TUNEL assay. Administration of SCU recovered the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA). Additionally, treatment with SCU significantly decreased the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Moreover, SCU treatment suppressed the activation of NF-κB by decreasing the degradation of IκBα and inhibited the expression of CYP2E1. The 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that intake of SCU significantly remodeled gut microbiota, especially enriching the following: Lactobacillus, Coprobacillus, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, Parabacteroides. Conclusion: Our findings showed that SCU effectively ameliorated CCl4-induced chronic liver injury. This hepatoprotective effects might be attributed to inhibition of CCl4-induced NF-κB and CYP2E1 activation and enrichment of beneficial microbial community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scutellarin Ameliorated Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Mice

Miao

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…서식 있음: 글꼴: 기울임꼴 overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic dysregulation, which shall bring more targets for mechanism research and intervention. Back to what we've discussed, the majority of animal studies and meta-analysis of clinical observations also supports the use probiotics in treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders, for inducing weight loss and averting low-grade systemic inflammation, although these effects are still marginal compared with rigorous lifestyle modification 18,19 . Application of probiotics in patients with MAFLD may have a bright prospect, considering the good safety and well tolerability profile shown in available enormous studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Probiotics for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: It is worth a try

Ren

Fan

2021

Clin Mol Hepatol

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“…In light of their long history of use in food processing, certain lactobacillus strains have been classified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) ( 1 ). The functionality of LAB, such as immunoregulatory and metabolic promoting effects, has been studied worldwide ( 2 , 3 ). Kalliomaki et al reported that Lactobacillus rhamnosus , or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) according to the recent Lactobacillus taxonomy change ( 4 ), intake during pregnancy resulted in a lower incidence of atopic dermatitis in infants than placebo ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribosome-Engineered Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Strain GG Exhibits Cell Surface Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Accumulation and Enhanced Adhesion to Human Colonic Mucin

Ishida

Namai

Shigemori

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Differences in individual host responses have emerged as an issue in the health benefits of probiotics. Here, we applied ribosome engineering (RE) technology, developed in an actinomycetes study, to Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). RE can effectively enhance microbial potential by using antibiotics to induce spontaneous mutations in the ribosome and/or RNA polymerase. In this study, we identified eight types of streptomycin-resistant mutations in the LGG rpsL gene, which encodes ribosomal protein S12. Notably, LGG harboring the K56N mutant (LGG-MTK56N) expressed high levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) on the cell surface compared with the LGG wild-type (LGG-WT). GAPDH plays a key role in colon mucin adhesion. Indeed, LGG-MTK56N significantly increased type-A human colonic mucin adhesion compared to LGG-WT in experiments using the Biacore system. The ability to adhere to the colon is an important property of probiotics; thus, these results suggest that RE is an effective breeding strategy for probiotic lactic acid bacteria. IMPORTANCE We sought to apply ribosome engineering (RE) to probiotic lactic acid bacteria and to verify RE's impact. Here, we showed that one mutant of RE-Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG-MTK56N) wore a GAPDH on the cell surface; the GAPDH was exported via an ABC transporter. Compared to the wild-type parent, LGG-MTK56N adhered more strongly to human colonic mucin and exhibited a distinct cell size and shape. These findings demonstrate that RE in LGG-MTK56N yielded dramatic changes in protein synthesis, protein transport, and cell morphology and affected adherence to human colonic mucin.

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Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, Postbiotics, and Obesity: Current Evidence, Controversies, and Perspectives

Cited by 123 publications

References 101 publications

Scutellarin Ameliorated Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Mice

Scutellarin Ameliorated Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Mice

Probiotics for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: It is worth a try

Ribosome-Engineered Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Strain GG Exhibits Cell Surface Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Accumulation and Enhanced Adhesion to Human Colonic Mucin

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