Probiotics media: significance, challenges, and future perspective - a mini review

Kumar, Vijay; Naik, Bindu; Kumar, Akhilesh; Khanduri, Naresh; Rustagi, Sarvesh; Kumar, Sanjay

doi:10.1186/s43014-022-00098-w

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the only published data available is for a yield of 1 × 10 8 cells mL −1 of F. duncaniae cultivated in Hungate tubes using a Brain Heart Infusion medium supplemented with 0.5% YE (Martín et al., 2017 ). Cell yields typically achieved in industrial probiotic production can range from 10 8 to 10 11 CFU mL −1 , depending on factors such as the type of probiotic strain, fermentation conditions and medium used (Kumar et al., 2022 ). Surprisingly, above a certain amount added, the YE dosage had no significant effect on cell yields, which points towards a limiting growth factor(s) that cannot be compensated by a higher supplementation dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecalibacterium duncaniae A2‐165 growth is strongly promoted by yeast extract and vitamin B5 in cGMP medium

Bircher,

Sourabié,

Paurevic

et al. 2023

Microbial Biotechnology

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Several gut microbial species within the Faecalibacterium genus have emerged as promising next‐generation probiotics (NGP) due to their multifunctional protective effects against gastrointestinal and systemic disorders. To enable clinical studies and further applications, improved methods for cultivating Faecalibacterium must be developed in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, which is complicated by its oxygen sensitivity and complex nutritional requirements. Different yeast‐based nutrients (YBNs), including yeast extracts (YEs) and yeast peptones (YPs), are ubiquitously used when cultivating microbes to supply a broad range of macro‐ and micronutrients. In this study, we evaluated six experimental YBNs, namely three YEs, two YPs and a yeast cell wall product (YCW), and eight B‐vitamins in the cultivation of Faecalibacterium duncaniae A2‐165, former Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, using growth assays in microtitre plates, dose‐effect studies in Hungate tube fermentations and fully controlled bioreactor experiments. We demonstrated that YEs promote F. duncaniae A2‐165 growth in a nutritionally limited medium, while YPs and YCW lacked essential growth factors for enabling cell propagation. High cell density was obtained in controlled bioreactors using a medium containing 2–4% of a selected YE and 1% casein peptone (3.4 ± 1.7 × 109–5.1 ± 1.3 × 109 cells mL−1). Among all tested B‐vitamins, we identified B5 as a strong growth promoter. Replacing casein peptone with YP and supplementing with vitamin B5 further increased biomass by approximately 50% (6.8 ± 1.7 × 109 cells mL−1). Hence, empirical selection of YE, YP and B5 allowed formulation of a high‐yielding animal allergen‐free nutritive medium to produce F. duncaniae A2‐165. Selecting nutritionally suitable YBNs and combining these with other key nutrients are important steps for optimizing production of NGP with high yields and lower cost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecalibacterium duncaniae A2‐165 growth is strongly promoted by yeast extract and vitamin B5 in cGMP medium

Bircher,

Sourabié,

Paurevic

et al. 2023

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…Transcriptome profiling of L. acidophilus, L. casei, and L. rhamnosus showed the production of beneficial bacteriocins and secondary metabolites that can influence host metabolic regulation against various diseases [138]. In the current market, probiotics have a high yield, stability, and low-cost substrate requirement while posing no risk to the larger population [139]. Probiotics, as an effective immunomodulator, also hold great value in regulating the glycemic index of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients.…”

Section: Probiotics: Current Value In Host-microbe Interactions 101 P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Immunomodulatory Reprogramming by Probiotics in Combating Chronic and Acute Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs)

et al. 2022

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Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are characterized by a lack of angiogenesis and distal limb diabetic neuropathy. This makes it possible for opportunistic pathogens to protect the biofilm-encased micro-communities, causing a delay in wound healing. The acute and chronic phases of DFU-associated infections are distinguished by the differential expression of innate proinflammatory cytokines and tumor necrosis factors (TNF-α and -β). Efforts are being made to reduce the microbial bioburden of wounds by using therapies such as debridement, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, shock wave therapy, and empirical antibiotic treatment. However, the constant evolution of pathogens limits the effectiveness of these therapies. In the wound-healing process, continuous homeostasis and remodeling processes by commensal microbes undoubtedly provide a protective barrier against diverse pathogens. Among commensal microbes, probiotics are beneficial microbes that should be administered orally or topically to regulate gut–skin interaction and to activate inflammation and proinflammatory cytokine production. The goal of this review is to bridge the gap between the role of probiotics in managing the innate immune response and the function of proinflammatory mediators in diabetic wound healing. We also highlight probiotic encapsulation or nanoformulations with prebiotics and extracellular vesicles (EVs) as innovative ways to tackle target DFUs.

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“…Furthermore, probiotics have been recognized as a potential treatment for cognitive impairment [ 15 , 16 ]. In a review study, the effectiveness of specific probiotic substances in reducing anxiety-like behaviors in animal models was reported [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on Anxiety-like Behavior, Neuroprotection and Neuroinflammation Markers of Male Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Schmidt,

Molz,

Fraga

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Probiotic supplementation has been identified as a potential target to reduce inflammatory mediators associated with obesity. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on anxiety-like behavior, gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, and neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice aged 21 days were divided into four groups: control (CONT), control plus probiotic (CONT + PROB), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet plus probiotic (HFD + PROB), and fed for 13 weeks. The probiotic Lact. rhamnosus 1.5 (3.1 × 108 CFU/mL, derived from raw buffalo milk) was administered by gavage three times a week. Probiotic supplementation provided an anxiolytic effect in CONT and HFD. The IL-6 showed lower levels after probiotic supplementation in the HFD. Regarding immunoreactivity for GFAP in the cerebral cortex, we demonstrated that animals HFD-fed had a reduction in cells number compared to CONT. In the hippocampus, we found an interaction between diet and supplementation, as well as an effect of probiotic supplementation. A higher number of Th positive cells was observed in the cerebral cortex in mice fed HFD. Lact. rhamnosus LB1.5 supplementation decreased serum IL-6 levels in HFD-fed mice and promoted a reduction in anxiety-like behavior.

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Probiotics media: significance, challenges, and future perspective - a mini review

Cited by 15 publications

References 92 publications

Faecalibacterium duncaniae A2‐165 growth is strongly promoted by yeast extract and vitamin B5 in cGMP medium

Faecalibacterium duncaniae A2‐165 growth is strongly promoted by yeast extract and vitamin B5 in cGMP medium

A Review of Immunomodulatory Reprogramming by Probiotics in Combating Chronic and Acute Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs)

Effect of Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on Anxiety-like Behavior, Neuroprotection and Neuroinflammation Markers of Male Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

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