Probiotics: Lactic Acid Bacteria have Antibacterial Activity and Downregulate Biofilm Genes of Uropathogenic E. coli

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are regarded as one of the most serious infections worldwide. Uro Pathogenic E. coli (UPEC) accounts for nearly 80% of UTI infections in females. This study investigated the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (l. acidophilus) and Lactobacillus plantarum (lb. plantarum) on multidrug-resistant E. coli obtained from urine samples. Complete bacteriological identification was conducted on 45 E. coli isolated from 80 urine samples of females with UTIs. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed on all isolates by nine antibiotics. Ten out of the 45 isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). L. acidophilus and Lb. plantarum showed marked inhibition of MDR E. coli isolates on agar by a diffusion method (16 ± 0.04: 23 ± 0.05 mm). Moreover, L. acidophilus and Lb. plantarum strains inhibited the ability of UPEC to form a biofilm by 56.3% and 39.63%, respectively. The expression of biofilm genes of E. coli are as follows: csgA, crl, csgD showed remarkable downregulation after treatment with probiotics suspension: 0.00364: 0.19078 fold, 0.0005: 0.1894 fold, and 0.0490: 0.0883 for L. acidophilus, respectively. On the other hand, downregulation of biofilm gene expression for csgA, crl, csgD after treatment with Lb. plantarum suspension were expressed by fold changes as follows: 0.0769: 0.3535 fold, 0.05440: 0.12940 fold, and 0.06745: 0.4146, respectively. These findings show that L. acidophilus and Lb. plantarum exhibit potent antibacterial and antibiofilm action against MDR UPEC at both genotypic and phenotypic levels, and appear to be a promising solution in therapeutic applications for recurrent and persistent UTIs.

Bacteriological and Physicochemical Evaluation of Different Wells Water in El-Qalubia Governorate, Egypt

“…Additionally, all isolates were urease negative except Klebsiella pneumoniae which was positive. Dawwam et al (2022) confirmed biochemical tests of E. coli that gave methyl red and indole positive, urease and citrate negative.…”

Antibacterial properties and urease suppression ability of Lactobacillus inhibit the development of infectious urinary stones caused by Proteus mirabilis

“…They play a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of this environment and the disturbance of which could affect the development of many uropathogens 15 , 39 . Many recent studies focus on the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of natural microbiota of the urinary tract against the most common UTI pathogens such as: Escherichia coli, which cause approximately 80% of UTIs 40 , 41 , Proteus mirabilis 14 , 42 or Klebsiella pneumoniae 43 , 44 . Additionally, a lot of scientific works concentrate on the practical use of selected Lactobacillus strains to UTIs treatment.…”

New Strategies for Biocontrol of Bacterial Toxins and Virulence: Focusing on Quorum-Sensing Interference and Biofilm Inhibition

“…plantarum and L. acidophilus strains reduced the ability of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) to develop biofilms by 39.63% and 56.3%, respectively. The variations in the gene expressions of csgA , crl , and csgD were significantly downregulated after separate treatment with L. plantarum and L. acidophilus suspensions [ 79 ]. Hossain et al examined the effect of four sub-MICs of L. plantarum M.2 and L. curvatus B.67 (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/16 MIC) on the formation of L. monocytogenes biofilm on various food contact surfaces.…”