Probiotics in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Guandalini, Stefano; Sansotta, Naire

doi:10.1007/5584_2018_319

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Evidence collected with reference to CD do not recommend probiotics; indeed, systematic surveys are scarce and mostly refer to the pediatric age. On the other hand, for UC treatment, some clinical trials support efficacy, especially when multistrain probiotics are used ( Guandalini and Sansotta, 2019 ). Probiotics may exert therapeutic effects toward IBD condition by affecting the composition of the microbial ecosystem, by competing for nutrients and adhesion sites, via cell–cell communication, and by producing antimicrobial substances.…”

Section: Health-boosting Spectrum Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Functional Use of Probiotics: A Current Perspective

2020

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Probiotics are considered as the twenty-first century panpharmacon due to their competent remedial power to cure from gastrointestinal dysbiosis, systematic metabolic diseases, and genetic impairments up to complicated neurodegenerative disorders. They paved the way for an innovative managing of various severe diseases through palatable food products. The probiotics’ role as a “bio-therapy” increased their significance in food and medicine due to many competitive advantages over traditional treatment therapies. Their prophylactic and therapeutic potential has been assessed through hundreds of preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, the food industry employs probiotics as functional and nutraceutical ingredients to enhance the added value of food product in terms of increased health benefits. However, regardless of promising health-boosting effects, the probiotics’ efficacy still needs an in-depth understanding of systematic mechanisms and factors supporting the healthy actions.

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Section: Health-boosting Spectrum Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Functional Use of Probiotics: A Current Perspective

2020

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“…Probiotics are also useful as a preventive measure to alleviate intestinal inflammation, and because they increase the surface area of the villi in the small intestine, probiotics promote nutrient absorption. Probiotics are typically used in the treatment of intestinal diseases due to their natural, safe, and effective properties compared to traditional drugs [33,34]. However, the role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of LDA-induced small intestinal injury is controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Analysis of Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Rats with Low-Dose Aspirin-Related Intestinal Injury

Chi

Zhao

Wang

2021

BioMed Research International

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Background. The incidence of small intestinal injury caused by low-dose aspirin (LDA) is high, but the pathogenesis and intervention measures of it have not been elucidated. Recent studies have found gut microbiota to be closely associated with onset and development of NSAID-induced intestinal injury. However, studies of the changes in the gut microbiota of rats with LDA-related intestinal injury have been lacking recently. In this study, we investigated fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of changes in the gut microbiota of rats with LDA-related intestinal injury. Methods. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models of small intestinal injury were established by intragastric administration of LDA. The small intestinal tissues and the fecal samples were harvested. The fecal samples were then analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicons. The gut microbiota composition and diversity were analyzed and compared using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis, the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering analysis, multivariate statistical analysis (ANOSIM, MetaStats, and LEfSe), and spatial statistics. Results. The LDA rat model was successfully established. Decreased Firmicutes and increased Bacteroidetes abundances in rats with LDA-induced small intestinal injury were revealed. MetaStats analysis between the before administration of LDA (CG) and after administration of LDA (APC) groups showed that the intestinal floras exhibiting significant differences ( P < 0.05 , q < 0.1 ) were Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Cyanobacteria, Melainabacteria, Coriobacteriia, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidales, Eubacteriaceae, and Streptococcaceae. In addition, the bacterial taxa showing significant differences between the control (NS) and APC groups were Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Verrucomicrobiaceae and Peptococcaceae. Conclusions. The alterations in the gut microbiota composition and diversity of rats with LDA-related intestinal injury were found in the present study. The change of gut microbiota in LDA-related intestinal injury will lay the foundation for further research on the function and signaling pathways of the intestinal flora and promote the use of intestinal flora as drug targets to treat LDA-induced small intestinal injury.

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“…Both alterations in hormonal secretion and desensitization of afferent vagal nerves are responsible for the altered satiation mechanisms in obesity. Therefore, the implantation of beneficial microorganisms (probiotics) and their substrates (prebiotics) could be harnessed as a coadjuvant treatment of obesity, as other authors suggest, for gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis [ 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Nevertheless, there is some debate about the actual efficacy of this strategy for modulating the gut microbiota in obese/overweight individuals.…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiota: a Significant Player In Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Role of Food-Derived Bioactive Molecules and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Satiety Regulation

et al. 2021

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Obesity is a chronic disease resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. The growing relevance of this metabolic disease lies in its association with other comorbidities. Obesity is a multifaceted disease where intestinal hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY), produced by enteroendocrine cells (EECs), have a pivotal role as signaling systems. Receptors for these hormones have been identified in the gut and different brain regions, highlighting the interconnection between gut and brain in satiation mechanisms. The intestinal microbiota (IM), directly interacting with EECs, can be modulated by the diet by providing specific nutrients that induce environmental changes in the gut ecosystem. Therefore, macronutrients may trigger the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) through mechanisms including specific nutrient-sensing receptors in EECs, inducing the secretion of specific hormones that lead to decreased appetite or increased energy expenditure. Designing drugs/functional foods based in bioactive compounds exploiting these nutrient-sensing mechanisms may offer an alternative treatment for obesity and/or associated metabolic diseases. Organ-on-a-chip technology represents a suitable approach to model multi-organ communication that can provide a robust platform for studying the potential of these compounds as modulators of the MGBA.

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Probiotics in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cited by 48 publications

References 45 publications

Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Functional Use of Probiotics: A Current Perspective

Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Functional Use of Probiotics: A Current Perspective

Fecal 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Analysis of Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Rats with Low-Dose Aspirin-Related Intestinal Injury

A Review on the Role of Food-Derived Bioactive Molecules and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Satiety Regulation

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