Probiotics Improve Eating Disorders in Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi) Induced by a Pellet Feed Diet via Stimulating Immunity and Regulating Gut Microbiota

Abstract

Eating disorders are directly or indirectly influenced by gut microbiota and innate immunity. Probiotics have been shown to regulate gut microbiota and stimulate immunity in a variety of species. In this study, three kinds of probiotics, namely, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Clostridium butyricum, were selected for the experiment. The results showed that the addition of three probiotics at a concentration of 108 colony forming unit/mL to the culture water significantly increased the ratio of the pellet feed recipients and survival rate of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) under pellet-feed feeding. In addition, the three kinds of probiotics reversed the decrease in serum lysozyme and immunoglobulin M content, the decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione and catalase and the decrease in the expression of the appetite-stimulating regulator agouti gene-related protein of mandarin fish caused by pellet-feed feeding. In terms of intestinal health, the three probiotics reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas in the gut microbiota and increased the height of intestinal villi and the thickness of foregut basement membrane of mandarin fish under pellet-feed feeding. In general, the addition of the three probiotics can significantly improve eating disorders of mandarin fish caused by pellet feeding.

Pre-probiotic effects of different bacterial species in aquaculture: behavioral, hematological and oxidative stress responses

“…According to our results, in addition to the increased SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GR, and G6PD activity in the groups containing 1.0 × 10 7 CFU/ml A, C, and D bacteria, MDA was also at a very low level compared to the control and B groups in liver. These results are consistent with those obtained by Kong et al (2021) and Chen et al (2021).…”

“…Exposure to different substances causes damage to the gills, difficulty in breathing, decreased oxygen uptake, and a decrease in critical swimming speed as a behavioral effect. The host gut microbiota affects the central nervous system by affecting local oxidative stress levels and the permeability of the gut, then subsequently the behavioral characteristics of the host (Chen et al 2021). In this research, we observed that acute applications of bacterial strains significantly reduce the critical swimming speed, especially in group B. AChE inhibition is believed to be effective in this poor performance (Domingues et al 2016).…”

“…MDA is an essential product of membrane lipid peroxidation and is a well-known indicator that reflects the degree of oxidative stress in cells (Chen et al 2021). TCA was added to the extracted tissue samples and incubated at -20 °C.…”

Effects of dog ownership on the gut microbiota of elderly owners

“…The gut microbiota can affect host health and is associated with multiple diseases, such as diabetes and depression [ 8 , 9 ]. The colonization or increase of probiotics is beneficial to the treatment of diseases [ 10 ]. However, the increase in some microbes in the intestine can promote the occurrence of diseases [ 11 ].…”

The Characteristics of Intestinal Bacterial Community in Three Omnivorous Fishes and Their Interaction with Microbiota from Habitats

“…Since aquatic animals are continuously exposed to water, the structure and composition of their mucosal microbiota are strongly affected by the habitats [42]. Previous studies had demonstrated that the intestinal microbial composition of fishes, shrimps, and crabs were affected by the surrounding environment (e.g., water or sediments) [43][44][45] or feeding strategy [46,47]. However, most of these studies were carried out by changing the feed composition and geographical location, or through environmental stress.…”