Probiotics Improve Chemerin and Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Obese Rats

Abstract

Background: Chemerin is a recently discovered adipokine that plays a role in adipocyte metabolism. It is a novel chemoattractant adipokine whose expression and secretion are increased by adipogenesis. Aims: To evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on chemerin level, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome components in obese Wistar rats. Study Design: Animal experiment. Methods: We divided the experimental animals into three groups, each consisting of eight rats. Group 1 was the control group. Group 2 was the experimentally obese group, in which rats were fed with a high-fat diet. Group 3 was the obese intervention group, in which rats were supplemented with probiotics after obesity induction. Results: At the end of the study, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in final weights, weight changes, and body mass index values (p<0.05). Weight gain was 34.12±3.70 g in group 3 post-probiotic supplementation and 53.25±8.35 g in group 2 (p<0.05). Obese rats showed increased levels of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and leptin compared to those in the control group. Chemerin levels were 14.31±13.34 ng/mL in group 2 and 2.67±2.42 ng/mL in group 3 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation (group 3) reduced weight gain, and there were positive effects on the levels of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, triglycerides, inflammatory markers, leptin, and chemerin.

Anti-Obesity Evaluation of Averrhoa carambola L. Leaves and Assessment of Its Polyphenols as Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

“…In the current study, elevated plasma levels of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were observed in the obese control (415.7 U/L) in agreement with [22], compared to different experimental groups (250.7, 274.8, and 285.2 U/L in normal, CLL and Orly treated groups, respectively). High plasma BChE activity is associated with aberrant lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and hypertension [23], suggestive for BChE role in many metabolic functions [24].…”

“…2.1.3. Effect of CLL on Leptin, α-Amylase, Plasma Glucose, Insulin Levels, and Insulin Resistance Obese rats are also reported to exhibit increment in the plasma levels of plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, leptin, and α-amylase [22]. A significant elevation in plasma levels of glucose (1.5-fold increase), insulin (two-fold increase), and insulin resistance (three-fold increase) was noted in obese rats compared to normal rats.…”

Effects and Mechanisms of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics on Metabolic Diseases Targeting Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review

“…Obesity is intimately related to gut microbiota, and probiotic strains possess beneficial effects on attenuating obesity, such as Lactobacillus pentosus GSSK2 and Lactobacillus plantarum GS26A [ 15 ]. Several studies showed that the anti-obesity effects of probiotics were different between the lyophilized bacteria and alive bacteria, as well as the single-strain and multi-strain [ 16 , 17 ]. Several studies highlighted that the lyophilized Lactobacillus casei IMVB-7280 possessed stronger anti-obesity property than lyophilized Bifidobacterium animalis VKB and VKL strains [ 16 ].…”

The Influence of the Gut Microbiome on Obesity in Adults and the Role of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics for Weight Loss

“…Chemerin has recently been recognized as an adipokine that plays a major role in the metabolism of adipocytes and increases adipogenesis. Çelik and Ünlü Söğüt (2019) evaluated the impact of probiotic supplementation on levels of chemerin, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome parameters in obese rats. Rats were fed either a control diet, a HFD, or a HFD supplemented with probiotics after induction of obesity.…”

“…Rats in the obese group also exhibited increased fasting plasma glucose, insulin and insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and leptin compared with the control groups. Treatment with probiotics decreased weight gain significantly; these positive effects were observed at the level of insulin and fasting blood glucose, inflammatory markers, leptin, and chemerin levels (Çelik and Ünlü Söğüt, 2019). Human studies: Use of probiotics has been shown to reduce BMI and total body fat, specifically visceral fat (Osterberg et al, 2015;Mazloom et al, 2019).…”