Probiotics for the Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Humans—A Review of Clinical Trials

Wiciński, Michał; Gębalski, Jakub; Gołębiewski, Jakub; Malinowski, Bartosz

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8081148

Cited by 82 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Accordingly, dietary interventions, including pre-and probiotics have been used to influence these parameters via modulation of gut microbiota composition in overweight and obese individuals, as well as in malnourished patients [24][25][26][27]. Several conventional probiotics have been proposed for obesity, including Lactobacillus (L. casei, L. gasseri, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus) and Bifidobacterium (B. infantis and B. longum) species [11,[28][29][30]. However, until now, the mechanisms by which these strains may reduce excess weight remain unclear and their clinical efficacy has not yet been demonstrated convincingly [11,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Probiotic Strain H. alvei HA4597® Improves Weight Loss in Overweight Subjects under Moderate Hypocaloric Diet: A Proof-of-Concept, Multicenter Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Increasing evidence supports the role of the gut microbiota in the control of body weight and feeding behavior. Moreover, recent studies have reported that the probiotic strain Hafnia alvei HA4597® (HA), which produces the satietogenic peptide ClpB mimicking the effect of alpha-MSH, reduced weight gain and adiposity in rodent models of obesity. Methods: To investigate the clinical efficacy of HA, 236 overweight subjects were included, after written informed consent, in a 12-week prospective, double-blind, randomized study. All subjects received standardized counselling for a −20% hypocaloric diet and were asked to maintain their usual physical activity. Subjects of the HA group received two capsules per day providing 100 billion bacteria per day and subjects in the Placebo (P) group received two placebo capsules. The primary endpoint was the percentage of subjects achieving a weight loss of at least 3% after 12 weeks. Intention-to-treat statistical analysis was performed using exact-Fischer, Mann-Whitney and paired-Wilcoxon tests as appropriate. Results: In the HA group, significantly more subjects (+33%) met the primary endpoint than in the P group (54.9 vs. 41.4%, p = 0.048). In the HA group, an increased feeling of fullness (p = 0.009) and a greater loss of hip circumference (p < 0.001) at 12 weeks were also observed. Fasting glycemia at 12 weeks was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the HA compared to P group. Clinical and biological tolerance was good in both groups. Conclusions: A 12-week treatment with the probiotic strain H. alvei HA4597® significantly improves weight loss, feeling of fullness and reduction of hip circumference in overweight subjects following moderate hypocaloric diet. These data support the use of H. alvei HA4597® in the global management of excess weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Probiotic Strain H. alvei HA4597® Improves Weight Loss in Overweight Subjects under Moderate Hypocaloric Diet: A Proof-of-Concept, Multicenter Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2021

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“…One of the mechanisms involved in the reduction of BMI after probiotic intake is the regulation of gut microbiota. Obesity favors a change of the gut microbiota composition, which can affect the energy harvest from food, the secretory functions and the composition of adipose tissue, the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in the liver and could also influence the activity of specific centers in the brain [ 51 ]. The regulation of gut microbiota by means of probiotics is attained by enhancing the epithelial barrier integrity, increasing adhesion to intestinal mucosa (e.g., by increasing the amount of Akkermansia muciniphila ), producing health-promoting and antimicrobial substances, excluding pathogenic microbes, and regulating the host immune system [ 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obesity favors a change of the gut microbiota composition, which can affect the energy harvest from food, the secretory functions and the composition of adipose tissue, the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in the liver and could also influence the activity of specific centers in the brain [ 51 ]. The regulation of gut microbiota by means of probiotics is attained by enhancing the epithelial barrier integrity, increasing adhesion to intestinal mucosa (e.g., by increasing the amount of Akkermansia muciniphila ), producing health-promoting and antimicrobial substances, excluding pathogenic microbes, and regulating the host immune system [ 51 , 52 ]. An increase in the amount of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes leads to methylation of the obesity- and CVD-related genes and influences the activity of hormones affecting the metabolic function by increasing the ability to harvest energy [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Probiotic Supplementation Useful for the Management of Body Weight and Other Anthropometric Measures in Adults Affected by Overweight and Obesity with Metabolic Related Diseases? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of probiotics in inducing body weight loss in patients with overweight or obesity with related metabolic diseases. The research was carried out on PubMed and Scopus, focusing on studies reporting the effect on anthropometric measures (weight, body mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) after administration of various probiotic strains compared to placebo. Twenty randomized controlled trials, that included 1411 patients, were considered. The meta-analyzed mean differences (MD) for random effects showed no significant decrease in body weight after probiotic supplementation (−0.26 kg [−075, 0.23], p = 0.30), while a significant BMI decrease was found (−0.73 kg/m2 [−1.31, −0.16], p = 0.01). For WC and HC, the meta-analyzed MD for random effects showed a significant decrease (WC: −0.71 cm [−1.24; −0.19], p = 0.008 and HC: −0.73 cm [−1.16; −0.30], p = 0.0008). The risk of bias was also evaluated considering a high risk and a low risk according to PRISMA criteria. In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis highlight a positive trend of probiotics supplementation on the amelioration of anthropometric measures of overweight and obese patients with related metabolic diseases. However, further research is needed before recommending the use of probiotics as a therapeutic strategy for these patients. The focus of the future research should be to evaluate the efficacy of different probiotic strains, the quantities to be administered, and the duration of the intervention.

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“…Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 400 million people are obese, and over 1.6 billion adults are overweight worldwide [1]. Obesity is caused by fat accumulation due to excess calorie intake or inadequate energy consumption and has been shown to increase the risk of developing various diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia [2–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcutaneous infusion of neurosecretory protein GL promotes fat accumulation in mice

Narimatsu

Fukumura

Ukena

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We recently identified a novel small secretory protein, neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), in the vertebrate hypothalamus. We revealed that NPGL is involved in energy homeostasis using intracerebroventricular infusion in rodents. However, the effect of NPGL through peripheral administration remains to be elucidated and may be important for therapeutic use. In this study, we performed subcutaneous infusion of NPGL in mice for 12 days and found that it accelerated fat accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT) without increasing in body mass gain and food intake. The mass of the testis, liver, kidney, heart, and gastrocnemius muscle remained unchanged. Analysis of mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that proopiomelanocortin was suppressed in the hypothalamus by the infusion of NPGL. We observed a decreasing tendency in serum triglyceride levels due to NPGL, while serum glucose, insulin, leptin, and free fatty acids levels were unchanged. These results suggest that the peripheral administration of NPGL induces fat accumulation in WAT via the hypothalamus.

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Probiotics for the Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Humans—A Review of Clinical Trials

Cited by 82 publications

References 127 publications

The Probiotic Strain H. alvei HA4597® Improves Weight Loss in Overweight Subjects under Moderate Hypocaloric Diet: A Proof-of-Concept, Multicenter Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

The Probiotic Strain H. alvei HA4597® Improves Weight Loss in Overweight Subjects under Moderate Hypocaloric Diet: A Proof-of-Concept, Multicenter Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

Is Probiotic Supplementation Useful for the Management of Body Weight and Other Anthropometric Measures in Adults Affected by Overweight and Obesity with Metabolic Related Diseases? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Subcutaneous infusion of neurosecretory protein GL promotes fat accumulation in mice

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