Probiotics for preventing acute otitis media in children

Scott, Anna Mae; Beller, Elaine; Clark, Justin; Roos, Kristian; Grimwood, Keith; Little, Paul; Mar, Chris Del

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012941

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In a Cochrane review [11], probiotics were found to be better than placebo in reducing the incidence and the mean duration of URTIs episodes, cold-related school absence and antibiotic prescription, although the quality of the evidence was low or very low. Probiotics were also evaluated for preventing otitis media in children and it was shown that probiotics may be effective in preventing acute otitis media in children not prone to acute otitis media [12]. However, the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effect of probiotics in respiratory tract infections have not yet been fully clarified.…”

Section: Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supportive Agents for Pediatric Otolaryngological Infections

Bayram¹,

Kantekin²,

Ferrara³

2021

Pediatric ENT Infections

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Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), otitis media, and tonsillopharyngitis are the most common pediatric otolaryngological infections during childhood. URTIs refer to any infectious diseases involving the nose, sinuses, pharynx, or larynx and they are usually caused by viral agents. Although these infections are mostly caused by viruses, diseases that last more than 7-10 days generally refer to secondary bacterial infections. Whether caused by viral or bacterial agents, pediatric otolaryngological infections constitute one of the most common reasons for doctor visits and cause considerable socioeconomic burden for the community.Supportive agents have been used for infections since ancient times and the popularity of their use is growing among the general population. Either natural or commercially available supportive agents attract attention for overcoming several diseases including pediatric otolaryngological infections. Although there are a large number of supportive agents utilized for infectious diseases worldwide, we aimed to focus on common agents that have been used for pediatric otolaryngological infections. Zinc and VitaminsZinc is an essential trace element with multiple functions related to immunity, growth and development of the human body. In addition, zinc was shown to have antiviral functions including inhibition of viral replication [1]. Kurugöz et al. [2]

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Section: Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supportive Agents for Pediatric Otolaryngological Infections

Bayram¹,

Kantekin²,

Ferrara³

2021

Pediatric ENT Infections

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“…However, exclusive breastfeeding may be more beneficial as a risk reduction strategy than probiotic-supplemented formula [3]. Overall, more research into the role of probiotics is needed as early studies are promising, but limited evidence exists to identify the optimal strain, duration, dose frequency or timing of probiotic administration [32]. In infants, eliminating exposure to passive tobacco smoke and reducing pacifier use after 7 months of life may also lead to reduced incidence of AOM [3].…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otitis Media and Externa

Irwin¹

2020

Family Medicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systematic reviews have demonstrated that probiotics—including lactobacilli (LBs) and strains of alpha haemolytic streptococci (AHS)—can reduce the number and duration of acute upper respiratory (URT) tract infections (URTIs), reduce episodes of acute OM (AOM), antibiotic use and school absence (Hoa et al, 2015; Scott et al, 2019). There was significant benefit found in otitis‐prone children (Scott et al, 2019). Although these systematic reviews suffered from methodological heterogeneity including species and strains used, dose and duration of treatment, they highlighted the potential of probiotics in OM and supported their general safety in immunocompetent children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Inhibition of respiratory pathogens by lactobacillus and alpha haemolytic streptococci from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children

Coleman

Håkansson²,

Håkansson

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims To explore the in vitro ability of alpha haemolytic streptococcus (AHS) and lactobacilli (LBs), from Indigenous Australian children, to inhibit the growth of respiratory pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis), also from Indigenous Australian children. Methods and Results The bacterial interference of 91 isolates, from Indigenous Australian children both with and without otitis media (OM) or rhinorrhoea, was investigated using agar overlay and cell‐free supernatant. Promising isolates underwent whole genome sequencing to investigate upper respiratory tract tropism, antibiotic resistance and virulence. Antibiotic susceptibility was examined for ampicillin, amoxicillin +clavulanic acid and azithromycin. Differences in the strength of bacterial inferences in relation to OM was examined using a case series of three healthy and three children with OM. LBs readily inhibited the growth of pathogens. AHS were less effective, although several isolates inhibited S. pneumoniae. One L. rhamnosus had genes coding for pili to adhere to epithelial cells. We detected antibiotic resistance genes coding for antibiotic efflux pump and ribosomal protection protein. LBs were susceptible to antimicrobials in vitro. Screening for virulence detected genes encoding for two putative capsule proteins. Healthy children had AHS and LB that were more potent inhibitors of respiratory pathogens in vitro than children with OM. Conclusions L. rhamnosus from remote Indigenous Australian children are potent inhibitors of respiratory pathogens in vitro. Significance and Impact of Study Respiratory/ear disease are endemic in Indigenous Australians. There is an urgent call for more effective treatment/prevention; beneficial microbes have not been explored. L. rhamnosus investigated in this study are potent inhibitors of respiratory pathogens in vitro and require further investigation.

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Probiotics for preventing acute otitis media in children

Abstract: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effects of probiotics to prevent the occurrence and reduce the severity of acute otitis media in children.

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Supportive Agents for Pediatric Otolaryngological Infections

Supportive Agents for Pediatric Otolaryngological Infections

Otitis Media and Externa

In vitro Inhibition of respiratory pathogens by lactobacillus and alpha haemolytic streptococci from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children

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