Probiotics for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Krüger, Jenifer Faria; Hillesheim, Elaine; Pereira, Amanda; Camargo, Carolina de Quadros; Rabito, Estela Iraci

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuaa037

Cited by 76 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Another clinical trial showed that B. breve A1 supplementation may have beneficial effects on cognitive function in elderly Japanese subjects with memory complaints (Kobayashi et al, 2019). In three clinical randomized controlled trials, clinically confirmed patients with AD treated with probiotics (mainly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains) for 12 weeks showed no beneficial effect on cognitive function (Akbari et al, 2016;Krüger et al, 2021). This may be due to insufficient intervention period, different disease severity, and changes in dietary patterns.…”

Section: Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles and Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by a decline in cognitive function and neuronal loss, and is caused by several factors. Numerous clinical and experimental studies have suggested the involvement of gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with AD. The altered gut microbiota can influence brain function and behavior through the microbiota–gut–brain axis via various pathways such as increased amyloid-β deposits and tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, metabolic dysfunctions, and chronic oxidative stress. With no current effective therapy to cure AD, gut microbiota modulation may be a promising therapeutic option to prevent or delay the onset of AD or counteract its progression. Our present review summarizes the alterations in the gut microbiota in patients with AD, the pathogenetic roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in AD, and gut microbiota–targeted therapies for AD. Understanding the roles and mechanisms between gut microbiota and AD will help decipher the pathogenesis of AD from novel perspectives and shed light on novel therapeutic strategies for AD.

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Section: Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles and Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Consistent with the burgeoning interest, several reviews of the efficacy of probiotic supplementation for neurological disorders/AD have been published, including one systematic review [ 12 ] and three meta-analyses [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Despite providing comprehensive evaluations of the early literature in this field and their importance for guiding clinical trials, these reviews have several limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite providing comprehensive evaluations of the early literature in this field and their importance for guiding clinical trials, these reviews have several limitations. For example, the meta-analyses yielded contradictory findings, with one reporting no ameliorative effect of probiotics on cognitive function [ 13 ] and the other two reporting improvement in cognitive function after the administration of probiotics [ 14 , 15 ]. These meta-analyses only included studies published before 2018 that investigated the beneficial effects of probiotics and prebiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhu

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Foods

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Accumulating evidence from animal studies supports the potential role of probiotics and prebiotics in alleviating neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether dietary supplementation with probiotics improves cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is unclear. We searched literature databases for relevant randomized control trials and compared the outcomes between control/placebo and intervention groups. The results of the included studies were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model, with standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated as summary statistics. We also performed a risk-of-bias assessment, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis. Among the 294 articles identified, eight articles involving 174 patients with AD and 446 with MCI were included in the qualitative synthesis and seven studies were meta-analyzed. Our analysis detected high between-group heterogeneity (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI −0.02–0.88, p < 0.0001, I2 = 86.4%) in cognitive function across the included studies. Subgroup analyses identified a significant effect of probiotics on cognitive function only in the studies involving people with MCI (I2 = 44%, p = 0.15 for heterogeneity, p = 0.0002 for overall effect). Our findings suggest that dietary supplementation with probiotics improves cognitive function, especially in people with MCI.

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“…Furthermore, restoring normal microbiota allowed the recovery of intestinal inflammation [ 181 ] and alterations in glucose homeostasis [ 182 ], suggesting that interventions aimed at eubiosis may target both metabolic and neurodegenerative processes. Up to now, three clinical trials investigated the effects of a 12-weeks course of probiotics consisting of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains [ 183 ]. Unfortunately, they were unable to demonstrate strong efficacy on cognitive function, although they may improve markers of lipid profile and insulin resistance.…”

Section: Roles Of Diet and Microbiota In Neurodegenerative Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration

Gentile

Doneddu

Riva

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Increasing evidence gives support for the idea that extra-neuronal factors may affect brain physiology and its predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological and experimental studies show that nutrition and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases after midlife, while the relationship with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is uncertain, but suggests a protective effect of features of metabolic syndrome. The microbiota has recently emerged as a novel factor engaging strong interactions with neurons and glia, deeply affecting their function and behavior in these diseases. In particular, recent evidence suggested that gut microbes are involved in the seeding of prion-like proteins and their spreading to the central nervous system. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the impact of metabolism, diet and microbiota in neurodegeneration, by affecting simultaneously several aspects of health regarding energy metabolism, immune system and neuronal function. Advancing technologies may allow researchers in the future to improve investigations in these fields, allowing the buildup of population-based preventive interventions and development of targeted therapeutics to halt progressive neurologic disability.

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Probiotics for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 76 publications

References 25 publications

Roles and Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease

Roles and Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Alzheimer’s Disease

Probiotics for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration

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