Probiotics and Their Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Role for Cancer, High Serum Cholesterol, and Allergic and HIV Diseases

Abstract

The potential health benefits of probiotics have long been elucidated since Metchnikoff and his coworkers postulated the association of probiotic consumption on human's health and longevity. Since then, many scientific findings and research have further established the correlation of probiotic and gut-associated diseases such as irritable bowel disease and chronic and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. However, the beneficial impact of probiotic is not limited to the gut-associated diseases alone, but also in different acute and chronic infectious diseases. This is due to the fact that probiotics are able to modify the intestinal microbial ecosystem, enhance the gut barrier function, provide competitive adherence to the mucosa and epithelium, produce antimicrobial substances, and modulate the immune activity by enhancing the innate and adaptive immune response. Nevertheless, the current literature with respect to the association of probiotic and cancer, high serum cholesterol, and allergic and HIV diseases are still scarce and controversial. Therefore, in the present work, we reviewed the potential preventive and therapeutic role of probiotics for cancer, high serum cholesterol, and allergic and HIV diseases as well as providing its possible mechanism of actions.

Survival and stability of free and encapsulated probiotic bacteria under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in pasteurized grape juice

“…Furthermore, it is suggested that probiotics not only lowers the serum cholesterol level but also have a beneficial effect on the immune system. (Liong & Shah, 2005;Nazir, Hussain, Abdul Hamid, & Song, 2018). As probiotics provide a series of health benefits, the assimilation of probiotics in a variety of foods, that is, cheese, yogurt, drinks, and fruit juices, etc., has increased (Khaneghah & Fakhri, 2019;Ong, Henriksson, & Shah, 2006).…”

Identification of salt tolerance-related genes of Lactobacillus plantarum D31 and T9 strains by genomic analysis

“…Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are generally recognized as safe food-grade microorganisms. Numerous previous studies have revealed their beneficial effects on human health, such as maintaining the balance of gastrointestinal microbial community, acting against pathogenic microorganisms, and enhancing innate and adaptive immune responses Liu et al 2018;Nazir et al 2018). Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the most widely applied LAB in the food industry.…”

Lactobacillus reuteri can reduce Gardnerella induced bacterial vaginosis in mice and modulate immune markers

“…Women with BV are at increased risk of severe health problems such as pelvic inflammatory disease, increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections and preterm birth (2). The prevalence of BV is about [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35].3% in women of 16-25 years of age in Pakistan (3,4). Although the etiology of bacterial vaginosis remained poorly understood, previous studies have declared that this disorder is a consortium of bacteria that live in symbiotic association and cause dramatic changes in vaginal microbiota by decline in level of Lactobacillus spp.…”

“…Previous literature reports antagonistic effects of L. johnsonii, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus and L. fermentum against GV in mice, but to the best of our knowledge, no in vivo data exists on inhibitory activity of L. reuteri in GV induced BV model. In addition, most preventive and therapeutic mechanisms are typically species and strain specific (19). Moreover, most the studies reported their beneficial efficiencies through in vitro assays.…”