Probiotic pre-administration reduces mortality in a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis

Abstract

Abstract. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that the use of probiotics has the potential to prevent nosocomial infections. However, the mechanism underlying probiotic-induced anti-infection and sepsis remains to be investigated. In the present study, 200 µl/day of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) or normal saline (control) was orally administrated to 4-week-old C57BL6 mice 4 weeks prior to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A number of mice were sacrificed 24 h after CLP, and the remaining mice were used for survival studies. Ileum tissues were collected to evaluate the injury on the intestine. Blood samples were also obtained to investigate the changed metabolic pattern in mice that underwent different treatments using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). In the survival studies, the mortality of CLP-induced septic mice pretreated with LGG was significantly lower compared with untreated mice (P= 0.029). Ileum mucosal damage was evident in the control septic mice. Based on the data of UPLC-QTOF-MS, phosphatidylcholines were increased and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) that contained polyunsaturated fatty acids were decreased in septic mice, whereas saturated fatty acid LPCs reveal no significant difference between septic and sham mice. In addition, the metabolic profile in the septic mice pretreated with LGG was much closer to that of sham mice compared with control septic mice. The results of the present study suggest that probiotic pre-administration reduces the mortality in septic mice by decreasing ileum mucosal damage, increasing the gut barrier integrity and altering global serum metabolic profiles.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG treatment improves intestinal permeability and modulates microbiota dysbiosis in an experimental model of sepsis

“…A previous study demonstrated that septic mice pretreated with LGG had a markedly improved 7 day survival rate compared with the CLP+saline mice (P=0.029). Five sham mice survived (10).…”

“…However, application of probiotics on sepsis has been limited due to the theoretical risk of aggravating bacteremia in patients with critical illnesses, although few data exist that support this concern (9). A previous study from our group has previously reported that prophylactic administration of a special probiotic bacterial species in a septic mouse model effectively reduced mortality (10). However, the underlying mechanisms by which probiotics alleviated the severity of sepsis remains unclear.…”

Protective Effects of Live Combined B. subtilis and E. faecium in Polymicrobial Sepsis Through Modulating Activation and Transformation of Macrophages and Mast Cells

“…The consumption of probiotic bacteria contributes to intestinal function by maintaining paracellular permeability, enhancing the physical mucous layer, stimulating the immune system, and modulating resident microbiota composition and activity (Boirivant and Strober, 2007). Recently, Chen et al (2016) have reported that probiotic pre-administration could significantly reduce the mortality rate in a mouse model of CLP-induced sepsis. However, the underlying mechanisms of probiotics in regulating sepsis-induced gastrointestinal injury have not been elucidated.…”

The Neutrophil: Constant Defender and First Responder

“…Early PMN recruitment to resolve the initial infection ( 155 , 156 ) and early administration of antibiotics ( 157 ) are both associated with increased survival rate. Also, pre-administration of probiotics ( 158 ) and mesenchymal stem cell transfusion ( 159 ) have both shown efficacy in reducing sepsis mortality in mice by suppressing infection and inflammation. Sepsis often results in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with excessive PMN recruitment to the lung alveoli associated with increased mortality ( 160 ).…”