Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum 299v decreases kynurenine concentration and improves cognitive functions in patients with major depression: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study

Rudzki, Leszek; Ostrowska, Lucyna; Pawlak, Dariusz; Małus, Aleksandra; Pawlak, Krystyna; Waszkiewicz, Napoleon; Szulc, Agata

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.010

Cited by 291 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Attention, memory and learning behaviors in humans are assessed by cognitive tests, such as the Stroop, verbal-learning and digit-symbol tests. Improvements in these tests have been shown with the intake of (1) L. helveticus Ohsawa et al, 2018) and B. longum (Allen et al, 2016) in healthy adults; (2) L. plantarum in MDD patients (Rudzki et al, 2019) and stressed adults with mild depression (Lew et al, 2018); and (3) B. breve in elderly with mild cognitive impairment . Thus, some probiotics appear to improve cognition regardless of depression.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2020

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The accumulating knowledge of the host-microbiota interplay gives rise to the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis. The MGB axis depicts the interkingdom communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. This communication process involves the endocrine, immune and neurotransmitters systems. Dysfunction of these systems, along with the presence of gut dysbiosis, have been detected among clinically depressed patients. This implicates the involvement of a maladaptive MGB axis in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression refers to symptoms that characterize major depressive disorder (MDD), a mood disorder with a disease burden that rivals that of heart diseases. The use of probiotics to treat depression has gained attention in recent years, as evidenced by increasing numbers of animal and human studies that have supported the antidepressive efficacy of probiotics. Physiological changes observed in these studies allow for the elucidation of probiotics antidepressive mechanisms, which ultimately aim to restore proper functioning of the MGB axis. However, the understanding of mechanisms does not yet complete the endeavor in applying probiotics to treat MDD. Other challenges remain which include the heterogeneous nature of both the gut microbiota composition and depressive symptoms in the clinical setting. Nevertheless, probiotics offer some advantages over standard pharmaceutical antidepressants, in terms of residual symptoms, side effects and stigma involved. This review outlines antidepressive mechanisms of probiotics based on the currently available literature and discusses therapeutic potentials of probiotics for depression.

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Section: Heterogeneity Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2020

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“…Besides, treatment with probiotics might be beneficial for cancer patients: In colorectal cancer survivors, probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and rhamnosus) improved CRF, irritable bowel syndromes and QoL significantly in a doubleblind placebo-controlled study (264); furthermore, probiotics and also melatonin supplementation appear to alleviate side effects of radiation therapy (265). Probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus plantarum in combination with SSRI treatment improved cognitive performance and decreased Kyn concentrations in patients with major depression [compared to SSRI treatment alone, (266)]. Supplementation with a multispecies probiotic had a beneficial effect on Trp metabolism in trained athletes (267) and influenced Trp degradation and gut bacteria composition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (268).…”

Section: Nutrition Microbiome and Physical Activity And Its Associamentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation-Induced Tryptophan Breakdown is Related With Anemia, Fatigue, and Depression in Cancer

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Many patients with cancer suffer from anemia, depression, and an impaired quality of life (QoL). These patients often also show decreased plasma tryptophan levels and increased kynurenine concentrations in parallel with elevated concentrations of Th1 type immune activation marker neopterin. In the course of anti-tumor immune response, the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-γ) induces both, the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) to degrade tryptophan and the enzyme GTP-cyclohydrolase I to form neopterin. High neopterin concentrations as well as an increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (Kyn/Trp) in the blood of cancer patients are predictive for a worse outcome. Inflammation-mediated tryptophan catabolism along the kynurenine pathway is related to fatigue and anemia as well as to depression and a decreased QoL in patients with solid tumors. In fact, enhanced tryptophan breakdown might greatly contribute to the development of anemia, fatigue, and depression in cancer patients. IDO activation and stimulation of the kynurenine pathway exert immune regulatory mechanisms, which may impair anti-tumor immune responses. In addition, tumor cells can degrade tryptophan to weaken immune responses directed against them. High IDO expression in the tumor tissue is associated with a poor prognosis of patients. The efficiency of IDO-inhibitors to inhibit cancer progression is currently tested in combination with established chemotherapies and with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Inflammation-mediated tryptophan catabolism and its possible influence on the development and persistence of anemia, fatigue, and depression in cancer patients are discussed.

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“…Rudzki et al sought to assess the psychobiotic and immunomodulatory effects of the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (LP299v) in patients with MDD also being treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) [46]. They completed a double-blind, placebo controlled study with 79 patients with MDD.…”

Section: Lactobacillus Double-blind Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Depression

et al. 2020

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The human gut microbiome partakes in a bidirectional communication pathway with the central nervous system (CNS), named the microbiota-gut-brain axis.The microbiota-gut-brain axis is believed to modulate various central processes through the vagus nerve as well as production of microbial metabolites and immune mediators which trigger changes in neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, and behavior. Little is understood about the utilization of microbiome manipulation to treat disease. Though studies exploring the role of the microbiome in various disease processes have shown promise, mechanisms remain unclear and evidence-based treatments for most illnesses have not yet been developed. The animal studies reviewed here offer an excellent array of basic science research that Enhanced Digital Features To view enhanced digital features for this article go to https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.11865615. A. Capuco

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Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum 299v decreases kynurenine concentration and improves cognitive functions in patients with major depression: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study

Cited by 291 publications

References 37 publications

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

Inflammation-Induced Tryptophan Breakdown is Related With Anemia, Fatigue, and Depression in Cancer

Current Perspectives on Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Depression

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