Probiotic
 
 <scp>L</scp>
 actobacillus rhamnosus
 
 <scp>GR</scp>
 ‐1 and
 
 <scp>L</scp>
 actobacillus reuteri
 
 <scp>RC</scp>
 ‐14 exhibit strong antifungal effects against vulvovaginal candidiasis‐causing
 
 <scp>C</scp>
 andida glabrata
 
 isolates

Chew, Shu Yih; Cheah, Yoke Kqueen; Seow, Heng Fong; Sandai, Doblin; Than, Leslie Thian Lung

doi:10.1111/jam.12772

Cited by 95 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Candida albicans was found to be more susceptible to the antifungal effect of Lactobacillus than C. tropicalis [27]. Moreover, probiotic bacteria and their supernatant also exhibited growth inhibitory activities against C. glabrata [32]. The production of hydrogen peroxide by the probiotics that antagonize candidal growth was a notable phenomenon observed in a number of these studies [27,30].…”

Section: In Vitro Evidence Of the Antifungal Effects Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Studies using antagonism in agar diffusion assays have demonstrated that Lactobacillus species inhibit the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens (eg, Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli, respectively) [13,14], in addition to Candida species [13,14,25,27,30,32]. Candida albicans was found to be more susceptible to the antifungal effect of Lactobacillus than C. tropicalis [27].…”

Section: In Vitro Evidence Of the Antifungal Effects Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chew et al [32], using confocal laser scanning microscopy, also demonstrated the candidicidal effect of planktonic lactobacilli and their supernatant against C. glabrata, another common fungal pathogen.…”

Section: In Vitro Evidence Of the Antifungal Effects Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics as Antifungals in Mucosal Candidiasis

et al. 2016

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Candida is an opportunistic pathogen that causes mucosal and deep systemic candidiasis. The emergence of drug resistance and the side effects of currently available antifungals have restricted their use as long-term prophylactic agents for candidal infections. Given this scenario, probiotics have been suggested as a useful alternative for the management of candidiasis. We analyzed the available data on the efficacy of probiotics in candidal colonization of host surfaces. A number of well-controlled studies indicate that probiotics, particularly lactobacilli, suppress Candida growth and biofilm development in vitro. A few clinical trials have also shown the beneficial effects of probiotics in reducing oral, vaginal, and enteric colonization by Candida; alleviation of clinical signs and symptoms; and, in some cases, reducing the incidence of invasive fungal infection in critically ill patients. Probiotics may serve in the future as a worthy ally in the battle against chronic mucosal candidal infections.

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Section: In Vitro Evidence Of the Antifungal Effects Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: In Vitro Evidence Of the Antifungal Effects Of Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics as Antifungals in Mucosal Candidiasis

et al. 2016

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“…On the other hand, in metabolically active cells, formation of orange cylindrical structures designated CIVS (Cylindrical IntraVacuolar Structures) is observed inside vacuoles. CIVS formation only occurs in metabolically active cells with an intact plasma membrane, meaning they are not observed in dead cells (Chew et al, 2015). Calcofluor white is a compound with high affinity to chitin and is normally used as a marker of the fungal cell wall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blad-Containing Oligomer Fungicidal Activity on Human Pathogenic Yeasts. From the Outside to the Inside of the Target Cell

Pinheiro

Carreira²,

Rollo

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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Blad polypeptide comprises residues 109–281 of Lupinus albus β-conglutin precursor. It occurs naturally as a major subunit of an edible, 210 kDa oligomer which accumulates to high levels, exclusively in the cotyledons of Lupinus seedlings between the 4th and 14th day after the onset of germination. Blad-containing oligomer (BCO) exhibits a potent and broad spectrum fungicide activity toward plant pathogens and is now on sale in the US under the tradename FractureTM. In this work we demonstrate its antifungal activity toward human pathogens and provide some insights on its mode of action. BCO bioactivity was evaluated in eight yeast species and compared to that of amphotericin B (AMB). BCO behaved similarly to AMB in what concerns both cellular inhibition and cellular death. As a lectin, BCO binds strongly to chitin. In addition, BCO is known to possess ‘exochitinase’ and ‘endochitosanase’ activities. However, no clear disruption was visualized at the cell wall after exposure to a lethal BCO concentration, except in cell buds. Immunofluorescent and immunogold labeling clearly indicate that BCO enters the cell, and membrane destabilization was also demonstrated. The absence of haemolytic activity, its biological origin, and its extraordinary antifungal activity are the major outcomes of this work, and provide a solid background for a future application as a new antifungal therapeutic drug. Furthermore, its predictable multisite mode of action suggests a low risk of inducing resistance mechanisms, which are now a major problem with other currently available antifungal drugs.

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“…The native bacterial flora, which is often dominated by Lactobacillus spp., maintains a low pH and exerts a fungistatic effect against Candida spp. (Parolin et al, 2015, Chew et al, 2015, Hutt et al, 2016). In addition, certain Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition ofCandida glabrataagainstLactobacillusis Hog1 dependent

Beyer

Jandric

Zutz

et al. 2018

Cellular Microbiology

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Candida glabrata is a common human fungal commensal and opportunistic pathogen. This fungus shows remarkable resilience as it can form recalcitrant biofilms on indwelling catheters, has intrinsic resistance against azole antifungals, and is causing vulvovaginal candidiasis. As a nosocomial pathogen, it can cause life‐threatening bloodstream infections in immune‐compromised patients. Here, we investigate the potential role of the high osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) MAP kinase pathway for C. glabrata virulence. The C. glabrata MAP kinase CgHog1 becomes activated by a variety of environmental stress conditions such as osmotic stress, low pH, and carboxylic acids and subsequently accumulates in the nucleus. We found that CgHog1 allows C. glabrata to persist within murine macrophages, but it is not required for systemic infection in a mouse model. C. glabrata and Lactobacilli co‐colonise mucosal surfaces. Lactic acid at a concentration produced by vaginal Lactobacillus spp. causes CgHog1 phosphorylation and accumulation in the nucleus. In addition, CgHog1 enables C. glabrata to tolerate different Lactobacillus spp. and their metabolites when grown in co‐culture. Using a phenotypic diverse set of clinical C. glabrata isolates, we find that the HOG pathway is likely the main quantitative determinant of lactic acid stress resistance. Taken together, our data indicate that CgHog1 has an important role in the confrontation of C. glabrata with the common vaginal flora.

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Probiotic L actobacillus rhamnosus GR ‐1 and L actobacillus reuteri RC ‐14 exhibit strong antifungal effects against vulvovaginal candidiasis‐causing C andida glabrata isolates

Cited by 95 publications

References 37 publications

Probiotics as Antifungals in Mucosal Candidiasis

Probiotics as Antifungals in Mucosal Candidiasis

Blad-Containing Oligomer Fungicidal Activity on Human Pathogenic Yeasts. From the Outside to the Inside of the Target Cell

Competition ofCandida glabrataagainstLactobacillusis Hog1 dependent

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