Probiotic effect of Pichia pastoris X-33 produced in parboiled rice effluent and YPD medium on broiler chickens

Abstract

In a previous paper we showed that the yeast Pichia pastoris X-33 grown in parboiled rice effluent supplemented with glycerol byproduct from the biodiesel industry improved the quality of the effluent. In this paper we show the validation of this yeast (PPE) as probiotic for broilers. Its effect on feed efficiency and immunomodulation was compared with the same yeast grown in yeast peptone dextrose medium (PPY), with Saccharomyces boulardii (SBY) and with the controls fed unsupplemented feed (CON). One-day-old female chicks were vaccinated against infectious bursal disease (IBD) and the titers of anti-IBD antibodies were measured by ELISA. PPE group had the highest mean titres on days 14 and 28 (p<0,05), and at 28 days, 64% of the animals showed seroconvertion. The PPE group also showed the best weight gains at 42 days of age, that, on days 7, 14 and 21 were 19%, 15%, and 8.7% higher, respectively, than the control group. The best feed conversion, 8.2% higher than the control group, was obtained by PPY at 42 days. Histopathological studies did not detect any undesirable effects in the supplemented animals. We concluded that Pichia pastoris X-33 when grown in effluents of the rice parboiling industry supplemented with glycerol byproduct from the biodiesel has probiotic properties for poultry.

Influence of Pichia pastoris X-33 produced in industrial residues on productive performance, egg quality, immunity, and intestinal morphometry in quails

“…In this study, no negative effects of P. pastoris were observed on the analyzed parameters, nor any lesion was found in the liver or intestine, regardless of the medium in which the yeast was cultured. These data highlight the innocuous profile of P. pastoris , reinforcing previous results in broilers and mice 20–22 . A prior study indicated that the residual biomass of black tea production, composed of Pichia sp.…”

“…Similarly, Gil de los Santos et al . 22 confirmed the immunomodulatory activity of P. pastoris produced in this same effluent, which generated in broilers, a higher anti-Gumboro antibodies titer than the control at 28 days. The same author had already demonstrated the potential of P. pastoris X-33 as a bioremediator microorganism, finding that the yeast grown in parboiled rice effluent supplemented with 15 g.L −1 of biodiesel glycerol promoted reductions in COD - chemical oxygen demand (55%), phosphorus (52%), and nitrogen (45%) 23 .…”

“…In general, P. pastoris grown in effluent supplemented with biodiesel glycerol promoted more benefits in terms of immune status and weight gain, whereas P. pastoris grown in YPD improved some egg quality variables. This same trend was observed in broiler chickens, in which P. pastoris cultivated in effluent supplemented with biodiesel glycerol induced immunomodulatory effect, while the same yeast grown in YPD improved feed conversion 22 . Our group attributed this to the difference in the composition of the culture medium, which could offer distinct nutrients for the yeast, changing its cellular composition mainly in the cell wall and thereby promoting different interactions with host intestinal mucosa, as has been shown in some studies.…”

“…Some of special features of P. pastoris include high cell density production in simple and low-cost media and its GRAS ( Generally Recognized as Safe ) status, which ensures the safety of its application in therapeutic strategies and production of single-cell proteins 19 . Recently, explorations of its potential as a probiotic have revealed that P. pastoris exerts antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium in mice 20 and increases weight gain, improves feed conversion, and modulates the humoral immune response in broilers 21,22 . As a strategy to decrease the costs of probiotic production, studies has been conducted in this regard, showing the efficient growth of P. pastoris X-33 in agroindustrial waste.…”

Bioengineering the Antimicrobial Activity of Yeast by Recombinant Thanatin Production

“…The low cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells and exceptional specificity of thanatin toward bacterial membranes [22] provide beneficial features for the development of thanatin-based biocontrol agents. Although the probiotic features of P. pastoris were not extensively studied, there are several reports speculating their probable application as probiotics [45] and highlighting their safety [46]. Here, we combined the high potential of yeast bioengineering with the exceptional antimicrobial activity of thanatin, associated with low toxicity, to broaden the arsenal of designer biocontrol agents and provide new AMP applications.…”