Probiotic Dahi Containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum Modulates the Formation of Aberrant Crypt Foci, Mucin-Depleted Foci, and Cell Proliferation on 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and mucin-depleted foci (MDF) are pre-neoplastic lesions identified in the colon of carcinogen-treated rodents and in humans at high risk for colon cancer. The present study was carried out to divulge the protective potential of the probiotic Dahi containing Lactobacillus acidophilus LaVK2 and Bifidobacterium bifidum BbVK3 alone or in combination with piroxicam (PXC) on the development of early biomarkers of colorectal carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats administered 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). DMH was injected subcutaneously at the rate of 40 mg/kg body weight per animal twice a week for 2 weeks. A total of 120 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to five groups, each group having 24 animals. The rats were fed with buffalo milk or probiotic supplement (20 grams) alone or as an adjunct with PXC in addition to a basal diet ad libitum for 32 weeks. Group I was offered buffalo milk (BM) and served as the control group. Group II was administered DMH along with BM and served as the DMH-control group; group III was administered BM-DMH-PXC, in which besides administering BM-DMH, PXC was also offered. Group IV was offered probiotic LaBb Dahi and DMH, and group V was offered both probiotic LaBb Dahi and PXC along with DMH. The rats were euthanized at the 8(th), 16(th), and 32(nd) week of the experiment and examined for development of ACF, aberrant crypts per ACF (AC/ACF), mucin-depleted foci (MDF), large MDF, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index. Administration of DMH in rats induced pre-neoplastic lesions (ACF and MDF) and increased the PCNA index in colorectal tissue. A significant (p<0.05) reduction in the number of ACF, AC/ACF, MDF, large MDF, and PCNA labeling index were observed in the probiotic LaBb Dahi group compared with the DMH control group. Feeding rats with LaBb Dahi or treatment with PXC diminished the initiation and progression of DMH-induced pre-neoplastic lesions and the PCNA index, and treatment with LaBb Dahi and PXC combined was significantly more effective. The dietary intervention of probiotics and PXC significantly protects against the development of CRC in the rat-DMH model. These observations suggest that probiotic LaBb Dahi alone or as an adjunct with PXC may have anti-neoplastic and anti-proliferative activities. Moreover, probiotic LaBb Dahi possesses the medicinal properties to prevent colorectal carcinogenesis.

Impacts of Dietary Pleurotus eryngii Polysaccharide on Nutrient Digestion, Metabolism, and Immune Response of the Small Intestine and Colon—An iTRAQ‐Based Proteomic Analysis

“…Mohania et al. reported probiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum displaying a downregulation effect on the Cytochrome P450 enzymes . Thus, the regulatory effect by PEP might be associated with the increased abundance of the probiotics as we described in the previous study .…”

“…Mohania et al reported probiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum displaying a downregulation effect on the Cytochrome P450 enzymes. [35] Thus, the regulatory effect by PEP might be associated with the increased abundance of the probiotics as we described in the previous study. [22] Carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1 is involved in the urea cycle of ureotelic animals and plays an important role in removing excess ammonia, which relates to SCFAs oxidation in colonic epithelial cells.…”

Probiotics in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Cancer Prevention

“…Probiotic Dahi containing Lb acidophilus LaVK2 and B. bifidum BbVK3 alone or in combination with piroxicam modulated the development of early biomarkers of CRC in male DMH injected rats (Mohania et al, 2014).…”

Importance of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer

“…On the contrary, inflammatory biomarkers and side effects of chemotherapy were reduced in these patients (Golkhalkhali et al, 2018;Kotzampassi et al, 2015;Krebs, 2016;Z. Liu et al, 2015;Mego et al, 2015; reducing colitis, (l) increasing apoptosis, (m) increasing tumor suppressor miRNAs and, (n) increasing CXCR2 signaling (Agah et al, 2018;Arthur et al, 2013;Asha & Gayathri, 2012;Donohoe et al, 2014;Gamallat et al, 2016;Kahouli, Malhotra, Westfall, Alaoui-Jamali, & Prakash, 2017;Klewicka, Nowak, Zduńczyk, Cukrowska, & Błasiak, 2012;Kuugbee et al, 2016;Mendes et al, 2018;Mi et al, 2017;Mohania, Kansal, Kruzliak, & Kumari, 2014;Song et al, 2018;Talero et al, 2015;Walia, Kamal, Dhawan, & Kanwar, 2018;Zhang et al, 2015). studies include: intestinal microflora normalization, improvement of the gastrointestinal barrier, reduction of tumor formation, proliferation and growth of CRC cells and metastasis, reduction inflammatory responses, bacterial infection before and after colon cancer surgery.…”