Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function

Madsen, Karen; Cornish, Anthony; Soper, Paul; McKaigney, Conor; Jijon, Humberto; Yachimec, Christine; Doyle, Jason; Jewell, Laurence D.; Simone, Claudio De

doi:10.1053/gast.2001.27224

Cited by 969 publications

(684 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…11 Being a "probiotic" means that VSL#3 is capable of exerting good effects on the host organism by improving the balance of intestinal flora and by ameliorating the growth of possible pathogenic microbes. 1,12 The mechanism of action appears to be through protective, trophic and anti-inflammatory effects on bowel mucosa. 13 As such it seems sensible that VSL#3 would also be effective in mucositis, specifically CID, which has a number of overlapping pathologies with IBD, including the upregulation of inflammatory mediators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VSL#3 probiotic treatment reduces chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and weight loss

Bowen¹,

Stringer²,

Gibson³

et al. 2007

Cancer Biology & Therapy

169

117

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Background: One of the most common toxicities of cancer treatment is diarrhea. Probiotics have been shown effective at preventing diarrhea in inflammatory bowel disease and may prove useful in the oncology setting.Aim: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the probiotic mixture, VSL#3, for amelioration of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID).Methods: This experiment was carried out in a clinically relevant model of CID. VSL#3 was administered to female DA rats in one of three schedules. Irinotecan was used to induce mucositis and diarrhea, with rats monitored for seven days to record incidence of weight-loss and diarrhea. At study completion, intestines were collected to investigate histological and proliferative changes, apoptosis levels and mucin composition.Results: VSL#3 reduced weight loss following irinotecan when administered before and after chemotherapy. Moderate and severe diarrhea was also prevented in these rats. This was associated with a significant increase in crypt proliferation combined with an inhibition of apoptosis in both the small and large intestines. VSL#3 also prevented irinotecan-induced increases in goblet cells within jejunal crypts.Conclusions: VSL#3 is effective at preventing severe diarrhea following chemotherapy with irinotecan and therefore has potential to be used clinically by cancer patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VSL#3 probiotic treatment reduces chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and weight loss

Bowen¹,

Stringer²,

Gibson³

et al. 2007

Cancer Biology & Therapy

169

117

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“…In addition, investigations utilizing germ-free mice have established a function for the gut microbiome and metabolic regulation [8]. The gut microbiome has also been shown to positively influence homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa by enhancing barrier function, as well as epithelial cell proliferation and survival [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. For instance, villi of the small intestine of the germ-free mice have impaired angiogenesis [16] and have slower turnover rates of epithelial cells [17].…”

Section: The Intestinal Physiology and Eukaryotic-prokaryotic Interacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox signaling mediated by the gut microbiota

Jones

Neish

2017

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

149

101

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“…The endogenous microbiota provides critical support to the host in areas such as vitamin and co-factor production, usage of otherwise indigestible feed ingredients, detoxification of food components, coating the gut with a benign microbiota to physically exclude pathogens, production of natural antibiotics and antifungals, maintainance of gut barrier function and promotion of anti-inflammatory response (Madsen et al, 2001;Hooper et al, 2002;Ouwehand et al, 2002;Roselli et al, 2007). A novel role in regulating fat storage has been recently ascribed to microbiota by recent studies, a promotion of monosaccharides absorption from the gut resulting in induction of de novo hepatic lipogenesis has been shown by comparing germ-free mice with conventionalised mice (Bä ckhed et al, 2004).…”

Section: Gut Bacteria and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This appears to be a multi-factorial process involving both induction of mucus secretion from goblet cells (Mack et al, 1999;Caballero-Franco et al, 2007) and maintenance of the tight cell junctions between cells (Madsen et al, 2001;Roselli et al, 2007;Putaala et al, 2008). This function may be most important in counteracting the effects of pathogens, which often exert gastrointestinal effects by weakening the junctions between cells allowing for translocation of the pathogens and activation of inflammatory signals or establishment of local inflammatory lesions.…”

Section: Probiotic Actions On Host Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain aspects of this work can be applied to the pig, particularly mechanistic studies looking at the interaction of probiotics with host mucosal surfaces or pathogenic bacteria (Madsen et al, 2001;Roselli et al, 2007). However, this 'human model' does not give many insights into the efficacy of probiotics in terms of production parameters in the pig industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics – do they have a role in the pig industry?

Kenny

Smidt

Mengheri

et al. 2011

Animal

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The delivery of certain living microorganisms in food has long been suggested as having positive health effects in humans. This practice has extended into food animal production, with a variety of microorganisms being used; lactic acid bacteria, variousBacillusspecies and the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaehave been particularly used in the pig industry. The increased interest in probiotics is essentially due to the problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics and following the ban of the use of antibiotics in animal production, probiotics being considered an alternative means to reduce pathogen infection and improve animal health especially around the time of weaning. However, there is still a need to clarify the probiotic effectiveness in pigs, and the underlying mechanisms. When assessing the efficacy of probiotics one must consider the particular strain of organism being used and the production stage of the pigs being treated. The reproducible delivery of probiotics in industrial pig production is problematic as maintenance of viability is key to their beneficial activity, but difficult to achieve with commonly used feed processing technologies. One specific context where probiotics organisms may be reliably delivered is in systems utilising fermented liquid feeds. Liquid feed may be fermented by the activity of wild lactic acid bacteria or may be stimulated using specific isolates as ‘starters’; the latter system has advantages in terms of reproducibility and speed of fermentation. The farm context in which the organism is used is likely to be critical; the use of probiotics is more likely to result in measurable economic gains in animals living in sub-optimal conditions rather than in those reared in the highest welfare and husbandry conditions. The establishment of a beneficial lactic acid bacteria population at birth may lead to healthier animals, this may be most effectively achieved by treating sows, which provide an amplification step and flood the neonatal pigs’ environment with desirable bacterial strains. In contrast, it may be sufficient to provide a supportive, protective microbiota around the time of weaning as this is a time of major crisis with instability and loss of certain bacterial populations.

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Probiotic bacteria enhance murine and human intestinal epithelial barrier function

Cited by 969 publications

References 37 publications

VSL#3 probiotic treatment reduces chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and weight loss

VSL#3 probiotic treatment reduces chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and weight loss

Redox signaling mediated by the gut microbiota

Probiotics – do they have a role in the pig industry?

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