Probiotic Bacillus subtilis Protects against α-Synuclein Aggregation in C. elegans

Goya, María Eugenia; Xue, Feng; Sampedro-Torres-Quevedo, Cristina; Arnaouteli, Sofia; Riquelme-Dominguez, Lourdes; Romanowski, Andrés; Brydon, Jack; Ball, Kathryn L.; Stanley‐Wall, Nicola R.; Doitsidou, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.078

Cited by 128 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Also important for the probiotic effectiveness, B subtilis is able to form robust and long-lasting biofilms (ie, biopellicle) in the gut environment, a physiological property (absent in most LAB) that has been reported as crucial for the production of the beneficial effects of probiotic B subtilis on eukaryotic host. [14][15][16][17] Here, we presented two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese patients with poor control of the disease. Obesity is a strong risk factor for diabetes onset and progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus successfully treated with probiotics

Cardinali¹,

Bauman

Ayala

et al. 2020

Clinical Case Reports

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by the presence of high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) either because insulin production is insufficient due to autoimmune destruction of insulin-secreting β cells or pancreatitis-type 1 diabetes-and/or the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin (ie, insulin resistance), type 2 diabetes. 1 The disease makes an important contribution to morbidity, loss of well-being, and mortality worldwide. Currently, approximately 350 million people have diabetes mellitus worldwide, and this number is believed to reach almost 500 million people by 2030 (IDF, Diabetes Atlas). Among the two forms of diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common form of the disease and accounts for more than 90% of total diabetes worldwide. Worsening the global situation, there is a growing body of evidence linking type 2 diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular disease and dementia (eg, Alzheimer's disease). 2 A growing number of type 2 diabetic patients do not respond properly

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus successfully treated with probiotics

Cardinali¹,

Bauman

Ayala

et al. 2020

Clinical Case Reports

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“…Otherwise, LABs would perish upon exposure to the acidic pH of the stomach and the microbicide action of intestinal bile (Yahav et al, 2018). More recently, it has been shown in animal models that the B. subtilis biofilm is important in delaying neurodegenerative diseases (i.e., Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases) (Cogliati et al, 2019;Goya et al, 2020). Therefore, the importance of B. subtilis biofilm in basic and applied research cannot be questioned.…”

Section: New Role For the Transcription Factor Sigb In Biofilm Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stress-Responsive Alternative Sigma Factor SigB of Bacillus subtilis and Its Relatives: An Old Friend With New Functions

2020

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Alternative sigma factors have led the core RNA polymerase (RNAP) to recognize different sets of promoters to those recognized by the housekeeping sigma A-directed RNAP. This change in RNAP promoter selectivity allows a rapid and flexible reformulation of the genetic program to face environmental and metabolic stimuli that could compromise bacterial fitness. The model bacterium Bacillus subtilis constitutes a matchless living system in the study of the role of alternative sigma factors in gene regulation and physiology. SigB from B. subtilis was the first alternative sigma factor described in bacteria. Studies of SigB during the last 40 years have shown that it controls a genetic universe of more than 150 genes playing crucial roles in stress response, adaption, and survival. Activation of SigB relies on three separate pathways that specifically respond to energy, environmental, and low temperature stresses. SigB homologs, present in other Gram-positive bacteria, also play important roles in virulence against mammals. Interestingly, during recent years, other unexpected B. subtilis responses were found to be controlled by SigB. In particular, SigB controls the efficiencies of spore and biofilm formation, two important features that play critical roles in adaptation and survival in planktonic and sessile B. subtilis communities. In B. subtilis, SigB induces the expression of the Spo0E aspartyl-phosphatase, which is responsible for the blockage of sporulation initiation. The upregulated activity of Spo0E connects the two predominant adaptive pathways (i.e., sporulation and stress response) present in B. subtilis. In addition, the RsbP serine-phosphatase, belonging to the energy stress arm of the SigB regulatory cascade, controls the expression of the key transcription factor SinR to decide whether cells residing in the biofilm remain in and maintain biofilm growth or scape to colonize new niches through biofilm dispersal. SigB also intervenes in the recognition of and response to surrounding microorganisms, a new SigB role that could have an agronomic impact. SigB is induced when B. subtilis is confronted

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“…Indeed, a recent study reported that probiotic treatment inhibited alpha-synuclein aggregation and facilitated aggregate clearance in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of synucleinopathy thus suggesting gut microbiota modulation as a potential therapy in PD. 58 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysfunction of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disease: The Promise of Therapeutic Modulation With Prebiotics, Medicinal Herbs, Probiotics, and Synbiotics

Peterson

2020

J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med

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Recent data suggest gut microbiota dysbiosis as a contributing factor in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and these pathologies may manifest via the microbiota-gut-brain-axis, which comprises bidirectional communication through neuroimmune, neuroendocrine, and direct neural pathways such as the vagus nerve. Preclinical and human clinical trial data reveal exciting potential for novel treatment targets and therapeutic modulation with prebiotics, medicinal herbs, probiotics, and synbiotics in health, aging, and neurodegeneration and are reviewed here. While greater insights and characterization of the microbiota-gut-brain axis have been revealed over the past decade, salient questions related to the pathology, pathogenesis and clinical treatment of the axis in the context of both health and neurodegenerative disease remain and are discussed in this review. Future directions such as additional well-controlled, large scale, longitudinal human clinical trials are urgently needed to further elucidate both mechanism and therapeutic opportunity in health, neurological disease, and disease subpopulations to ensure that the next decade ushers the dawn of targeted therapeutic modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

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Probiotic Bacillus subtilis Protects against α-Synuclein Aggregation in C. elegans

Cited by 128 publications

References 110 publications

Two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus successfully treated with probiotics

Two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus successfully treated with probiotics

The Stress-Responsive Alternative Sigma Factor SigB of Bacillus subtilis and Its Relatives: An Old Friend With New Functions

Dysfunction of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disease: The Promise of Therapeutic Modulation With Prebiotics, Medicinal Herbs, Probiotics, and Synbiotics

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