Probiotic Applications in Crustaceans

Abstract

Crustacean aquaculture, and more specifically shrimp culture, faces several challenges in order to increase production yield while maintaining sustainability. The various disease outbreaks that have been continuously affecting the sector for almost two decades, together with the increasing demand for environmentally friendly aquaculture and the pressure from customers for safe and traceable products, are fundamentally modifying the culture practices of shrimp and other crustacean species. It is today well accepted that these challenges can only be faced through the development of better management practices together with technical innovations. Among the solutions currently considered, those relying on nutrition and intestinal health management can play a critical role. The application of probiotics in aquaculture has been developed in this context and is now widely applied in crustacean aquaculture as a complementary tool for management of disease. This development is mostly driven by practical and empirical approaches in shrimp farming; however, specific in-depth studies related to the biological effects and mechanisms of action of probiotics in crustaceans are gaining more importance. This chapter presents a review of the research conducted on probiotic applications in crustacean species with special emphasis on the modes of action investigated so far and the main benefits derived from it. The limits and future perspectives are also addressed.

Dietary Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Combined with Galactooligosaccharide on Immunological and Biochemical Parameters, Gut Microbiota, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Body Composition, and Stress Resistance in Narrow-Clawed Crayfish, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823)

“…The major purpose of dietary prebiotic and probiotic application in crustacean's aquaculture is elevation of beneficial LAB bacteria, which are not dominant parts of crustacean intestinal microbiota [84,85]. Interestingly, the results from 97 days of feeding in the present study well exhibited that combination of GOS and L. plantarum through diet could beneficially modulate P. leptodactylus intestinal microbiota via growth of LAB bacteria.…”

Lactic Acid Bacteria in Finfish—An Update

“…To avoid overlap with previous reviews, we have focused on the papers published from 2014. Readers with special interests on previous studies, are referred to the reviews of Ringø and Gatesoupe ( 1998 ), Nayak ( 2010 ), Carnevali et al ( 2014 ), Castex et al ( 2014 ), De et al ( 2014 ), Lauzon et al ( 2014 ), Merrifield et al ( 2014 ), Ringø et al ( 2014 ) and Hoseinifar et al ( 2016c ).…”

Effect of dietary synbiotic on growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota inCirrhinus mrigala(Ham.) fingerlings

“…Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which confer a health benefit on the host, when supplemented in adequate amounts (FAO/WHO ), as dietary supplementations of probiotics to aquatic animals have shown promising results (Balcazar, ; Carnevali, Sun, Merrifield, Zhou, & Picchietti, ; Castex, Daniels, & Chim, ; Gatesoupe, Ronald Ross, & Victor, ; Lauzon, Dimitroglou, Merrifield, Ringo, & Davies, ; Merrifield & Carnevali, ). Furthermore, previous studies have reported that dietary probiotics effectively improved the feed utilization, modulated intestinal microflora, enhanced the immunity and also improved the antagonism to pathogens (Balcázar et al., ; Irianto & Austin, ; Kesarcodi‐Watson, Kaspar, Lategan, & Gibson, ; Merrifield et al., ; Nayak, ).…”