Probiotic application for sustainable aquaculture

Abstract

Aquaculture, which constitutes one of the largest food production sectors in the world, is preferably practiced with natural organic products rather than with synthetic chemicals or antibiotics. In addition to the daunting challenge of providing food and livelihood to the exponentially increasing world population, the aquaculture industry is key to ensuring that development is based on environmentally sustainable practices, specifically in the production of aquafeeds. Terrestrial microorganisms that act as natural defence systems of cultured species have been identified as the main producer for the beneficial bacterial candidates. Probiotics have recently gained popularity as beneficial microbes candidates in cultured organisms to maintain the health condition and well-being of different aquatic animals. This review aimed to understand the necessity of using probiotics as a sustainable alternative to regulate the growth performance, feed utilisation and general health condition for sustainable aquaculture. Also, explanatory discussion about the host microbiota and its ability to produce different probiotic strains and the probiotic functionality to ameliorate the host immunity to provide the interactive effects on the host-derived probiotics. By presenting the results obtained from the previous studies about the ability of probiotics to sustain the aquatic animal's performances, this study condensed the current knowledge and information for future research and development of the probiotic application in aquaculture.

Dietary bee pollen affects hepatic–intestinal histomorphometry of Nile tilapia fingerlings

“…Food additives are important for animal nutrition because they help to improve animal performance, health and the quality of their final products (Ribeiro et al, ). Several additives have been used for tilapia at various stages in order to improve growth, survival and animal health (Dawood & Koshio, , ; Dawood, Koshio, Abdel‐Daim, & Van Doan, ; Dawood, Koshio, & Esteban, ; Freccia et al, ; Schwarz, Furuya, Natali, Gaudezi, & Lima, ; Schwarz, Furuya, Natali, Michelato, & Gaudezi, ), including bee pollen (Abbass et al, ; El‐Asely et al, ).…”

“…additives are important for animal nutrition because they help to improve animal performance, health and the quality of their final products(Ribeiro et al, 2012). Several additives have been used for tilapia at various stages in order to improve growth, survival and animal health(Dawood & Koshio, 2016a, 2016bDawood, Koshio, Abdel-Daim, & Van Doan, 2018;Dawood, Koshio, & Esteban, 2017;Freccia et al, 2016;Schwarz, Furuya, Natali, Gaudezi, & Lima, 2011;Schwarz, Furuya, Natali, Michelato, & Gaudezi, 2010), including bee pollen(Abbass et al, 2012;El- Asely et al, 2014).For example, Abbass et al (2012) evaluated bee pollen as a feed additive and its effects on zootechnical performance of Nile tilapia (~45 g) in an open system with continuous water exchange. The authors found that 2.5% of propolis or pollen in the diets improved the specific growth rate, average daily gain, and feed efficiency of tilapia.…”

Effects of kelp residues fermented with probiotics on the culture of sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus

“…Numerous studies had revealed that probiotics could increase the amount of intestinal microbiota to compete with pathogens for nutrients and space (Wang, Sun, et al, 2017;Yang, Peng, Tian, & Dong, 2017;Zhang et al, 2010). Furthermore, the diversity of intestinal microbiota of the fermented feed group also increased, which could be due to the effects of the probiotics or the fermentation products of kelp residues (An, Yazaki, Takahashi, Kuda, & Kimura, 2013;Dawood, Koshio, Abdel-Daim, & Van Doan, 2019;Ma et al, 2019;Shang et al, 2017). The source of the intestinal bacteria in F I G U R E 3 Concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (a) and nitrite-nitrogen (b) in culturing water of sea cucumbers fed with formulated feed and fermented feed.…”

The effect of feeding a novel multistrain yeast fraction on European seabass (Dicentrachus labrax) intestinal health and growth performance

“…A key driving force has been the restrictions or ban on the use of prophylactic antibiotic growth promoters in various countries. In a wide range of species, both terrestrial and aquatic, a substantial body of literature exists demonstrating the advantageous effects of feeding functional prebiotics or immune modulatory substances (Kiron, : Ganguly, Dora, Sarkar, & Chowdhury, ; Merrifield & Ringø, ; Song et al, ; Pourabedin & Zhao, ; Ringø et al, ; Dawood, Koshio, Abdel‐Daim, & Doan, ; Dawood, Koshio, & Esteban, ). Beyond the scientific interest of assessing such feeding strategies, the use of a so‐called “functional diet” has gained momentum in modern aquaculture, particularly in the European aquaculture sector (Encarnação, ).…”