Probing the origin of primordial black holes through novel gravitational wave spectrum

Abstract

In this article we investigate the cumulative stochastic gravitational wave spectra as a tool to gain insight on the creation mechanism of primordial black holes. We consider gravitational waves from the production mechanism of primordial black holes and from the gravitational interactions of those primordial black holes among themselves and other astrophysical black holes. We specifically focus on asynchronous bubble nucleation during a first order phase transition as the creation mechanism. We have used two benchmark phase transitions through which the primordial black holes and the primary gravitational wave spectra have been generated. We have considered binary systems and close hyperbolic interactions of primordial black holes with other primordial and astrophysical black holes as the source of the secondary part of the spectra. We have shown that this unique cumulative spectra have features which directly and indirectly depend on the specifics of the production mechanism.

Gravitational wave probe of primordial black hole origin via superradiance

“…The mechanism and the required definitions are provided in ref. [68]. However, for our parameter space those GW are negligible as explained in section 3.2.…”

“…The literature on probing the PBHs utilizing the features in the gravitational waves is quite large [17,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. 1 However, our previous study was one of the first ones to conduct a study that uses the cumulative GW spectra [68]. In our previous work, we have shown the secondary spectra only due to the gravitational interactions of the PBHs among themselves and among other ABHs.…”