Characterization
of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)
by Raman
spectroscopy is challenging due to their structural complexity, inhomogeneity,
and complicated interlayer van der Waals (vdW) interactions. These
latter effects can be however well investigated in individual MWCNTs,
prepared by the on-chip purification of arc-discharge (AD) MWCNT powder,
combining atomic force microscopy, polarized Raman imaging, and spectroscopy.
In this work, we reveal the inhomogeneity of the Raman signal from
individual AD-MWCNTs and attribute it to the extraction of inner layers
during the sonication stage of the dispersion procedure. We report
the splitting of the Raman-active G-band, describing it in terms of
the variation of interlayer mechanical vdW coupling as a function
of diameter and interlayer distance in the probed AD-MWCNTs. Finally,
we present a practical method for investigating the polarization behavior
of MWCNTs with a nonuniform Raman response based on Raman mapping
and advanced data fitting. Our work gives additional insights into
the characterization of structurally nonuniform MWCNTs and allows
distinguishing between these MWCNTs and 1D moiré crystals based
on collapsed SWCNTs or studying telescopic 1D vdW heterostructures
with Raman spectroscopy.