Probing the dynamic structural changes of DNA using ultrafast laser pulse in graphene‐based optofluidic device

Abstract

The ultrafast monitoring of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) dynamic structural changes is an emerging and rapidly growing research topic in biotechnology. The existing optical spectroscopy used to identify different dynamical DNA structures lacks quick response while requiring large consumption of samples and bulky instrumental facilities. It is highly demanded to develop an ultrafast technique that monitors DNA structural changes with the external stimulus or cancer-related disease scenarios. Here, we demonstrate a novel photonic integrated graphene-optofluidic device to monitor DNA structural changes with the ultrafast response time. Our approach is featured with an effective and straightforward design of decoding the electronic structure change of graphene induced by its interactions with DNAs in different conformations using ultrafast nanosecond pulse laser and achieving refractive index sensitivity of~3 × 10 −5 RIU. This innovative technique for the first time allows us to perform ultrafast monitoring of the conformational changes of special DNA molecules structures, including G-quadruplex formation by K + ions and i-motif formation by the low pH stimulus. The graphene-optofluidic device as presented here provides a new

Advances and Trends in Chemically Doped Graphene

“…Shivananju et al reported that biomolecules could be used similar to conventional functional molecules to chemically modify graphene. [142] Furthermore, graphene-based composite/hybrid materials have attracted great attention due to the 2D structure of graphene. [143][144][145] Particularly, semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots with blended graphene or heterographene are extensively realized, such as silica nanocrystal/graphene composites.…”

“…Unlike the conventional probing techniques, the developed method was ultrafast, highly sensitive, cost-effective, and required minimal sample consumption for potential applications in treating DNA-related diseases such as cancer. [142] The human body has to carefully control glucose levels, and so efficient systems for glucose detection are always in great demand. Recently, Singh et al applied Br-doped graphene to detect glucose in human blood serum.…”

“…reported that biomolecules could be used similar to conventional functional molecules to chemically modify graphene. [ 142 ]…”

“…Unlike the conventional probing techniques, the developed method was ultrafast, highly sensitive, cost‐effective, and required minimal sample consumption for potential applications in treating DNA‐related diseases such as cancer. [ 142 ]…”

Laser Synthesis and Microfabrication of Micro/Nanostructured Materials Toward Energy Conversion and Storage

“…Transforming a laser beam into a mass flow derived additional applications in laser propulsion, microfluidics and laser surgery and cleaning [ 234 ]. Wang et al firstly proposed the optofluidic concept, demonstrating the successful generation of high-speed liquid flow by pulsed laser streaming on a glass window after surface decorating with high-density Au nanoparticles [ 235 ].…”