Probing the deployment of peripheral visual attention during obstacle-crossing planning

Malik, Raza N.; Marigold, Daniel S.; Chow, Mason; Lam, Tania

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.1039201

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Yet, as participants did not experience more collisions under dual-task conditions, it is possible that quickly looking at the approaching pedestrian was sufficient to make the proper adjustments in the locomotor trajectory and avoid a collision. Other elements such as peripheral vision [ 78 , 79 ] and eye proprioceptive information provided through gaze shifts [ 80 ] may have further assisted with the localization of the interferer. As for the prolonged fixation on the goal, it may have served the purpose of fulfilling the goal-oriented component of the walking task [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

de Aquino Costa Sousa,

Gagnon,

et al. 2024

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Background Individuals with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI), despite experiencing good locomotor recovery six months post-injury, face challenges in adapting their locomotion to the environment. They also present with altered cognitive functions, which may impact dual-task walking abilities. Whether they present collision avoidance strategies with moving pedestrians that are altered under dual-task conditions, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to compare between individuals with m/sTBI and age-matched control individuals: (1), the locomotor and cognitive costs associated with the concurrent performance of circumventing approaching virtual pedestrians (VRPs) while attending to an auditory-based cognitive task and; (2) gaze behaviour associated with the VRP circumvention task in single and dual-task conditions. Methodology Twelve individuals with m/sTBI (age = 43.3 ± 9.5 yrs; >6 mo. post injury) and 12 healthy controls (CTLs) (age = 41.8 ± 8.3 yrs) were assessed while walking in a virtual subway station viewed in a head-mounted display. They performed a collision avoidance task with VRPs, as well as auditory-based cognitive tasks (pitch discrimination and auditory Stroop), both under single and dual-task conditions. Dual-task cost (DTC) for onset distance of trajectory deviation, minimum distance from the VRP, maximum lateral deviation, walking speed, gaze fixations and cognitive task accuracy were contrasted between groups using generalized estimating equations. Results In contrast to CTLs who showed locomotor DTCs only, individuals with m/sTBI displayed both locomotor and cognitive DTCs. While both groups walked slower under dual-task conditions, only individuals with m/sTBI failed to modify their onset distance of trajectory deviation and maintained smaller minimum distances and smaller maximum lateral deviation compared to single-task walking. Both groups showed shorter gaze fixations on the approaching VRP under dual-task conditions, but this reduction was less pronounced in the individuals with m/sTBI. A reduction in cognitive task accuracy under dual-task conditions was found in the m/sTBI group only. Conclusion Individuals with m/sTBI present altered locomotor and gaze behaviours, as well as altered cognitive performances, when executing a collision avoidance task involving moving pedestrians in dual-task conditions. Potential mechanisms explaining those alterations are discussed. Present findings highlight the compromised complex walking abilities in individuals with m/sTBI who otherwise present a good locomotor recovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

de Aquino Costa Sousa,

Gagnon,

et al. 2024

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Yet, as participants did not experience more collisions under dual-task conditions, it is possible that quickly looking at the approaching pedestrian was su cient to make the proper adjustments in the locomotor trajectory and avoid a collision. Other elements such as peripheral vision [79,80] and eye proprioceptive information provided through gaze shifts[81] may have further assisted with the localization of the interferer. As for the prolonged xation on the goal, it may have served the purpose of ful lling the goal-oriented component of the walking task.…”

Section: δ Dual Task-induced Adaptations In Collision Avoidance Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Sousa,

Gagnon,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Individuals with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI), despite good locomotor recovery after six months post-injury, face challenges in adapting locomotion to the environment. They also present with altered cognitive functions, which may impact dual-task walking abilities. Whether they present collision avoidance strategies with moving pedestrians that are altered under dual-task conditions, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to compare between individuals with m/sTBI and age-matched control individuals: (1), the locomotor and cognitive costs associated with the concurrent performance of circumventing approaching virtual pedestrians (VRPs) while attending to an auditory-based cognitive task and; (2) gaze behaviours associated with VRP circumvention task between single and dual-task conditions. Methodology: Twelve individuals with m/sTBI (age=43.3±9.5 yrs; >6 mo. post injury) and 12 healthy controls (CTLs) (age=41.8±8.3 yrs) were assessed while walking in a virtual subway station viewed in a head-mounted display. They performed a collision avoidance task with VRPs, as well as auditory-based cognitive tasks (pitch discrimination and auditory Stroop), both under single and dual-task conditions. Dual-task cost (DTC) for onset distance of trajectory deviation, minimum distance from the VRP, maximum lateral deviation, walking speed, gaze fixations and cognitive task accuracy were contrasted between groups using generalized estimating equations. Results: In contrast to CTLs who showed locomotor DTCs only, individuals with m/sTBI displayed both locomotor and cognitive DTCs. While both groups walked slower under dual-task conditions, only individuals with m/sTBI failed to modify their onset distance of trajectory deviation and maintained smaller minimum distances and smaller maximum lateral deviation compared to single-task walking. Both groups showed shorter gaze fixations on the approaching VRP under dual-task conditions, but this reduction was less pronounced in the individuals with m/sTBI. A reduction in cognitive task accuracy under dual-task conditions was found in the m/sTBI group only. Conclusion: Individuals with m/sTBI present altered locomotor and gaze behaviours as well as cognitive performances when executing a collision avoidance task involving moving pedestrians, especially under dual-task conditions. Potential mechanisms explaining those alterations are discussed. Present findings highlight the compromised complex walking abilities in individuals with m/sTBI who otherwise present a good locomotor recovery.

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“…This assumption posits that recorded eye movements indicate what area or contents are currently being consciously processed, suggesting a connection between attention and fixation measures. However, these studies exhibit limitations as they neglect the role of covert attention/peripheral vision, shown in different real-world tasks (e.g., Malik et al, 2022;Vater et al, 2022). Hence, by exploring global noticing, it is usually hardly possible to draw conclusions about the succession of individual cognitive processes and, thus, the application of knowledge.…”

Section: Theoretical Background 21 Theoretical Considerations About T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Training & prompting pre-service teachers’ noticing in a standardized classroom simulation – a mobile eye-tracking study

Telgmann,

Müller

2023

Front. Educ.

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Numerous events happening in classrooms require a teacher to select important and filter out irrelevant information. This crucial and challenging skill is referred to as noticing. For noticing classroom management events pre-service teachers have a smaller knowledge base and little teaching experience compared to expert teachers. Supporting pre-service teachers in developing their classroom management knowledge and noticing skill is, thus, of great importance for teacher education. Previous research finds positive effects of interventions on teachers’ noticing during video observation. To our knowledge, no studies depict noticing during teaching. We examined N = 46 pre-service teachers’ noticing with regard to classroom management during classroom teaching in a quasi-experimental between-subjects design. Pre-service teachers’ took part in a standardized classroom simulation after a classroom management training, with one group receiving prompting regarding evidence-based classroom management strategies before and during the classroom simulation and one group receiving only training. We also included a control group without classroom management training. To assess differences in pre-service teachers’ noticing, the classroom simulation elicited comparable conditions, including standardized classroom management events and student behavior. Mobile eye-tracking as well as retrospective video observations were used to explore teachers’ event-related and global noticing. Event-related noticing was assessed via count and accuracy of noticed classroom management events. Global noticing included objective parameters of teachers eye movements (visit/fixation counts and duration) onto the students in the standardized classroom simulation. The results show that training and prompting significantly affected pre-service teachers’ event-related noticing, with both experimental groups making fewer target and time errors compared to the control group. No significant differences were found with regard to global noticing. This includes fixation and visit count and duration on students. Correlational analysis showed a positive association between higher noticing accuracy and share of fixations on students. This study expands upon previous empirical research using mobile eye-tracking to obtain objective measures of teachers’ noticing. It sheds light on the relevance of knowledge for teachers’ noticing during teaching. It also takes a first step toward understanding how pre-service teachers’ noticing during classroom teaching can be promoted through fostering knowledge about classroom management through a training.

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Probing the deployment of peripheral visual attention during obstacle-crossing planning

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Training & prompting pre-service teachers’ noticing in a standardized classroom simulation – a mobile eye-tracking study

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