Probing the Damping Property of Three‐Dimensional Graphene Aerogels in Carboxylated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber/Polyurethane Blend

Abstract

Three‐dimensional (3D) graphene aerogel (GA) with a spatial porous structure and network skeleton was facilely prepared via one‐step self‐assembly hydrothermal reduction. Such network structure is regarded as a critical advantage in resolving the dispersion of graphene in polymer matrix, thereby enhancing the damping property. Here, as‐prepared GA was added to the carboxylated butadiene nitrile rubber/polyurethane blend (XNBR/PU) by melting/mechanical complex method. Their dynamic mechanical properties were investigated in detail, and the relationship between thermal aging and dynamic mechanical properties had also been studied. Finding that the storage modulus and loss modulus of XNBR/PU were continually improved with the increase in addition amount of high‐performance GA, reaching 3,219 and 316 MPa with the content of 3 wt% GA, respectively. Loss factor (tanδ) of XNBR/PU with GA shows two sets of maximum values (0.22 and 0.61) at around −25 and 0.6°C, respectively. Results illustrate that GA can greatly improve the damping performance, damping temperature range, mechanical properties, and thermal aging resistance of XNBR/PU blend, mainly depending on the performance characteristics of GA and interface interaction between GA and XNBR/PU. Verifying that GA with 3D network structure holds a great prospect for damping materials. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:61–70, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

Bio‐Based, Recyclable and Self‐Healing Polyurethane Composites with High Energy Dissipation and Shape Memory

“…The main raw materials were PLA-derived polyol (M n = 2000 g mol −1 , eSUN Industrial Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China); hexamethylene diisocyanate dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (HMDI), butanediol (BDO), and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) (Aladdin Ltd., Shanghai, China); 3,9-bis-{1,1-dimethyl-2[𝛽-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-)propionyloxy]ethyl}-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5]-undecane (AO-80) (Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., Japan); Figure S1 (Supporting Information) shows the chemical structure of AO-80. All the reagents were used as received without further purification.…”

“…where 𝜖 max is the maximum applied strain at high temperature, 𝜖 fixed is the fixed strain after cooling and force removal, and 𝜖 rec is the recovered strain. For the angle shape memory, the shape recovery ratio (𝜃 r ) is defined as follows: [36] 𝜃 r = 𝜃 rec 180 * 100% (5) where 𝜃 rec is the recovered angle from 0°(counterclockwise). The self-healing processing was recorded with an optical microscope (Axiolab 5, Zeiss, Germany) with a temperature control system and the heating rate was set to 40 °C min −1 from 25-90 °C.…”

“…[ 3 ] Different fillers (such as carbon black, silica, and graphene) are used to reinforce the rubber to achieve practical mechanical properties and also to enhance the molecular friction to improve energy dissipation. [ 4–6 ] Organic molecules represented by hindered phenols are also used as fillers to heighten damping properties and regulate damping peak position by increasing the hydrogen bonding interactions with the polar rubber matrix. [ 7,8 ] However, facing diverse operating conditions, it is still difficult to satisfy all the demand for high performance using traditional rubber composites modified in different ways.…”

“…[31,32] In addition, it is obviously more convenient to simply mix the second component to establish hydrogen bonding interaction. [33] In this study, we synthesized PLA-TPUs and then 3,9bis-{1,1-dimethyl-2[𝛽-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-) propionyloxy] ethyl}-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5]-undecane (AO-80), a hydrogen-bonding hindered phenol, was introduced for the preparation of PLA-TPU/AO-80 composites, in which reversible sacrificial hydrogen bonding interaction is constructed. It improves energy dissipation performance and self-healing properties, simultaneously leading to an increase in T g .…”

Controllable wide temperature range and high damping polyurethane elastomer based on disulfide bond and dangling chain

“…For instance, the second or more components with different glass transition temperatures (Tg) are often introduced into polymer to form blending, copolymerization, organic–inorganic hybridization, and grafting structure 7‐12 . And the methods above can surely broaden the damping temperature range, but the temperature range is still narrow and lacks predictability 13‐18 . In recent years, elastomers with dangling chains (one end of the branch is connected to the main chain of the elastomer) as damping materials have also begun to attract the attention of researchers 11,19‐23 .…”