Probing Memory and Executive Functions with Virtual Reality: Past and Present Studies

Pugnetti, Luigi; Mendozzi, Laura; Attree, Elizabeth A.; Barbieri, Elena; Brooks, Barbara; Cazzullo, C. L.; Motta, Achille; Rose, F. D.; Psychol, C.

doi:10.1089/cpb.1998.1.151

Cited by 86 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This has included the creation of virtual cities (Brown, Kerr, & Bayon, 1998;Costas, Carvalho, & de Aragon, 2000), supermarkets (Cromby, Standen, Newman, & Tasker, 1996); homes (Pugnetti et al, 1998;Rose, Attree, Brooks, & Andrews, 2001); kitchens (Christiansen et al, 1998;Davies et al, 2002), school environments (Stanton, Foreman, & Wilson, 1998;Rizzo, Bowerly, et al, 2002), workspaces/offices (McGeorge et al, 2001;; rehabilitation wards (Brooks et al, 1999), and even a virtual beach (Elkind, Rubin, Rosenthal, Skoff, & Prather, 2001). While these environments vary in their level of pictorial or graphic realism, this factor may be secondary in importance, relative to the actual activities that are carried out in the environment, for determining their value from an ecological validity standpoint.…”

Section: Enhanced Ecological Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A SWOT Analysis of the Field of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation and Therapy

Rizzo

Kim

2005

Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments

737

415

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The use of virtual-reality technology in the areas of rehabilitation and therapy continues to grow, with encouraging results being reported for applications that address human physical, cognitive, and psychological functioning. This article presents a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis for the field of VR rehabilitation and therapy. The SWOT analysis is a commonly employed framework in the business world for analyzing the factors that influence a company's competitive position in the marketplace with an eye to the future. However, the SWOT framework can also be usefully applied outside of the pure business domain. A quick check on the Internet will turn up SWOT analyses for urban-renewal projects, career planning, website design, youth sports programs, and evaluation of academic research centers, and it becomes obvious that it can be usefully applied to assess and guide any organized human endeavor designed to accomplish a mission. It is hoped that this structured examination of the factors relevant to the current and future status of VR rehabilitation will provide a good overview of the key issues and concerns that are relevant for understanding and advancing this vital application area. IntroductionVirtual reality (VR) has now emerged as a promising tool in many domains of therapy and rehabilitation (Weiss & Jessel, 1998;Glantz, Rizzo, & Graap, 2003;Zimand et al. 2003;Rizzo, Schultheis, Kerns, & Mateer, 2004). Continuing advances in VR technology, along with concomitant system-cost reductions, have supported the development of more usable, useful, and accessible VR systems that can uniquely target a wide range of physical, psychological, and cognitive rehabilitation concerns and research questions. What makes VR application development in the therapy and rehabilitation sciences so distinctively important is that it represents more than a simple linear extension of existing computer technology for human use. VR offers the potential to create systematic human testing, training, and treatment environments that allow for the precise control of complex, immersive, dynamic 3D stimulus presentations, within which sophisticated interaction, behavioral tracking, and performance recording is possible. Much like an aircraft simulator serves to test and train piloting ability, virtual environments (VEs) can be developed to present simulations that assess and rehabilitate human functional performance under a range of stimulus conditions that are not easily deliverable and controllable in the real world. When combining these assets within the context of functionally Rizzo and Kim 119

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Section: Enhanced Ecological Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A SWOT Analysis of the Field of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation and Therapy

Rizzo

Kim

2005

Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments

737

415

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similar to the WCST, the correct choice criteria were changed after a fixed number of successful trials, and the user was then required to shift cognitive set, look for clues and devise a new choice strategy in order to successfully pass into the next room. In one study, Pugnetti et al (1998) compared a mixed group of neurological patients (multiple sclerosis, stroke, and traumatic brain injury) with normals' performance on both the WCST and on this head-mounted display executive function system. Results indicated that the VR results mirrored previous anecdotal observations by family members of everyday performance deficits in the patient populations.…”

Section: Analysis Of Vr Assetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of assets for virtual reality applications in neuropsychology

Rizzo

Schultheis

Kerns

et al. 2004

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

390

261

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Virtual reality (VR) technology offers new opportunities for the development of innovative neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation tools. VR-based testing and training scenarios that would be difficult, if not impossible, to deliver using conventional neuropsychological methods are now being developed that take advantage of the assets available with VR technology. If empirical studies continue to demonstrate effectiveness, virtual environment applications could provide new options for targeting cognitive and functional impairments due to traumatic brain injury, neurological disorders, and learning disabilities. This article focuses on specifying the assets that are available with VR for neuropsychological applications along with discussion of current VRbased research that serves to illustrate each asset. VR allows for the precise presentation and control of dynamic multi-sensory 3D stimulus environments, as well as providing advanced methods for recording behavioural responses. This serves as the basis for a diverse set of VR assets for neuropsychological approaches that are detailed in this article. We take the position that when combining these assets within the context of functionally relevant, ecologically valid virtual environments, fundamental advancements can emerge in how human cognition and functional behaviour is assessed and rehabilitated.Correspondence should be addressed to

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“…The treatment of psychological dysfunction including phobias (Rothbaum et al, 1995), post-traumatic stress disorder (Rothbaum et al, 1999) and eating and body image disorders (Riva and Melis, 1997) has been highly successful. Recently, VR has been used as a medium for the assessment and rehabilitation of cognitive processes, such as visual perception and executive functioning (Pugnetti et al, 1998;Rizzo et al, 2000).…”

Section: Applications Of Virtual Reality In Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%