The
multiphonon process plays an essential role in understanding
electron–phonon coupling, which significantly influences the
optical and transport properties of solids. Multiphonon processes
have been observed in many materials, but how to distinguish them
directly by their spectral characteristics remains controversial.
Here, we report high-order Raman scattering up to 10 orders and hot
luminescence involving 11 orders of phonons in Mn-doped ZnO nanowires
by selecting the excitation energy. Our results show that the intensity
distribution of high-order Raman scattering obeys an exponential decrease
as the order number increases, while hot luminescence is fitted with
a Poisson distribution with a resonance factor. Their linewidth and
frequency can be well explained by two different transition models.
Our work provides a paradigm for understanding the multiphonon-involved
decay process of an excited state and may inspire studies of the statistical
characteristics of excited state decay.