Probing bosonic stars with atomic clocks

Abstract

Dark matter could potentially manifest itself in the form of asymmetric dark stars. In this paper we entertain the possibility of probing such asymmetric bosonic dark matter stars by the use of atomic clocks. If the dark sector connects to the standard model sector via a Higgs or photon portal, the interiors of boson stars that are in a Bose-Einstein condensate state can change the values of physical constants that control the timing of atomic clock devices. Dilute asymmetric dark matter boson stars passing through the Earth can induce frequency shifts that can be observed in separated Earth-based atomic clocks. This gives the opportunity to probe a class of dark matter candidates that for the moment cannot be detected with any different conventional method.

Self-interacting multistate boson stars

“…The linear stability of boson stars with respect to small oscillations was discussed by Lee and Pang in [40], the study of the stability properties of boson stars extended to the quartic and sextic self-interaction term case [41], dynamical -BSs [42,43], and non-linear dynamics of spinning BSs case [44]. The properties of BSs have been investigated widely [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. In the present work, we would like to numerically solve the EKG equations and give a family of rotating multistate boson stars for three different cases, including the ground state with self-interacting potential, the first excited state with self-interacting potential and the two coexisting states with self-interacting potential.…”

Constraining ultralight bosonic dark matter with Keck observations of S2's orbit and kinematics

“…where β is dimensionless coupling between Higgs H and the DM. This interaction between the bosonic DM and the Higgs generates a shift of the Higgs vacuum expectation value (VEV) [55,59]…”

“…Among various candidates, ultralight bosonic DM, promising to form Bose-Einstein condensation, is an attractive candidate of cold DM [52][53][54][55][56][57]. Within this framework, the possible interaction between the Standard Model and bosonic DM will result in frequency shift, via either Higgs or photon portal interaction [55,58,59]. The electron mass or fine structure constant can hence receive an additional correction.…”

Bosonic Dark Matter in Neutron Stars and its Effect on Gravitational Wave Signal

“…Depending on the mass and strength of the selfinteraction between DM particles, boson stars of stellar mass could have observable signatures at GW detectors [55,73]. Therefore, either self-interacting bosonic ADM as the complex scalar field or ultra light axions without self-interaction could form a dark boson star of the stellar mass [35,49,67,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]. As other possibilities, the dark boson star can be formed in terms of a Bose-Einstein gravitational condensation described by Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson equation [67,84], or it can be made of bosons with a repulsive self-interaction described by the mean-field approximation and general relativity [85].…”