2017
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606578
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Probing a Device's Active Atoms

Abstract: Materials science and device studies have, when implemented jointly as "operando" studies, better revealed the causal link between the properties of the device's materials and its operation, with applications ranging from gas sensing to information and energy technologies. Here, as a further step that maximizes this causal link, the paper focuses on the electronic properties of those atoms that drive a device's operation by using it to read out the materials property. It is demonstrated how this method can rev… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…from single atoms and dimers to molecules and atomic clusters [43][44][45][46][47][48][49] ) thanks to a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), it is thus far difficult to assemble and ascertain the effective nanotransport path 50 in a solid state device, especially for the oxides used as MTJ barriers. Here, uncontrolled imperfections such as oxygen vacancies in the MgO tunnel barrier can concentrate electronic tunneling transport across a macrojunction onto a nanotransport path 50,51 , such that the device operates due to a rare tunneling event 52 . This is what enables 53 the spin transfer torque effect underscoring key MTJbased technologies 54,55 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…from single atoms and dimers to molecules and atomic clusters [43][44][45][46][47][48][49] ) thanks to a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), it is thus far difficult to assemble and ascertain the effective nanotransport path 50 in a solid state device, especially for the oxides used as MTJ barriers. Here, uncontrolled imperfections such as oxygen vacancies in the MgO tunnel barrier can concentrate electronic tunneling transport across a macrojunction onto a nanotransport path 50,51 , such that the device operates due to a rare tunneling event 52 . This is what enables 53 the spin transfer torque effect underscoring key MTJbased technologies 54,55 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This can arise by tuning the selector/ PM center tunneling rate through the insertion of an oxide/ organic interlayer. Cleverly crafted operando techniques 50 that can directly characterize the PM center's properties within the device's nanotransport path can boost research efficiency. Overall, MgO spintronics represents a compelling route.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To improve causality between materials science and device research, a 'device-centric' operando approach can focus this materials characterization onto those atoms that drive the device's operation by examining the materials property within device operation (e.g. current flow) 18 .…”
Section: X-ray Absorption Spectroscopymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, since our XAS-based determination of  HS remains 'materials-centric', it does not explicitly probe the spin state of the molecules that form the actual charge transport path across the SCO film. To further support this claim of SCO-driven operation, we examine in a 'device-centric' operando approach 18 if the Fe site of our [Fe(H 2 B(pz) 2 ) 2 (NH 2 -phen)] SCO molecule is involved in transport. To do so, we positioned the X-ray beam on the junction and swept the photon energy across the Fe L edge while simultaneously measuring TFY (see Fig.3a) and raw current flow across the junction for ±10 mV (see Fig.3b) at T = 300 K. Both the TFY and raw junction current spectra clearly reveal the impact of X-ray absorption by Fe sites.…”
Section: X-ray Absorption Spectroscopymentioning
confidence: 99%
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