Probable Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease after COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Report and Literature Review

Ding, Xinyi; Chang, Qing

doi:10.3390/vaccines10050783

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…A total of 65 studies were both qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed ( Table 1 ) [ 1 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characteristics of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Uveitis: A Summative Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Numerous complications following COVID-19 vaccination has been reported in the literature, with an increasing body of evidence reporting vaccination-associated uveitis (VAU). In this systematic review, we searched six electronic databases for articles reporting the occurrence of VAU following COVID-19 vaccination. Data were synthesized with emphasis on patients’ characteristics [age, gender], vaccination characteristics [type, dose], and outcome findings [type, nature, laterality, course, location, onset, underlying cause, and associated findings]. Data are presented as numbers (percentages) for categorical data and as mean (standard deviation) for continuous data. Sixty-five studies were finally included [43 case reports, 16 case series, four cohort, one cross-sectional, and one registry-based study]. VAU occurred in 1526 cases, most commonly in females (68.93%) and middle-aged individuals (41–50 years: 19.71%), following the first dose (49.35%) of vaccination, especially in those who received Pfizer (77.90%). VAU occurred acutely (71.77%) as an inflammatory reaction (88.29%) in unilateral eyes (77.69%), particularly in the anterior portion of the uvea (54.13%). Importantly, most cases had a new onset (69.92%) while only a limited portion of cases had a reactivation of previous uveitis condition. In conclusion, although rare, uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination should be considered in new-onset and recurrent cases presenting with either acute or chronic events.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characteristics of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Uveitis: A Summative Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Saraceno et al first described a patient diagnosed with complete VKH syndrome 4 days after receiving COVID-19 immunization with the Oxford-AstraZeneca Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vectored Vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) [13]. In a previous study, we also reported that a 33-year-old Chinese man developed probable VKH disease only one day after his first dose of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and summarized the clinical characteristics of VKH disease in temporal association with COVID-19 vaccination [4]. Different possibilities regarding the causality of VKH and vaccination have been raised, including adjuvants [13], the antigen mimicry [8], and structural surface glycoprotein antigen [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…VKH disease closely related to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is a quite rare event, although it has been recognized [3,4,8,9,[12][13][14][15]. Papasavvas et al reported the reactivation of well-controlled VKH disease for more than 6 years following an anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, emerging evidence has demonstrated potential adverse events in vaccinated patients, including ocular complications. Various ocular adverse events, including non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, have been reported [2][3][4][5]. VKH disease is a chronic, bilateral, granulomatous ocular and multisystem inflammatory disorder [6] that responds well to adequate, long-range steroid therapy with or without immunosuppressive agents [3,4,[7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various ocular adverse events, including non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, have been reported [2][3][4][5]. VKH disease is a chronic, bilateral, granulomatous ocular and multisystem inflammatory disorder [6] that responds well to adequate, long-range steroid therapy with or without immunosuppressive agents [3,4,[7][8][9][10]. Here, we report on a patient who developed an incomplete VKH disease in close temporal association with an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease Complicated by Central Serous Chorioretinopathy during Treatment Course: Case Report and Literature Review

Han

Ding

2022

Vaccines

Self Cite

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With the promotion of mass COVID-19 vaccination in the elimination of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, new side effects, including ocular complications, are emerging. In this study, we report on a 62-year-old Chinese man who developed Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease six days after his third dose of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, with a preceding severe headache and tinnitus. His medical history included tuberculosis 20 years prior and hypertension. Systemic prednisone was administered, resulting in completely relieved inflammation and improved visual acuity. Another three and a half months later, the visual acuity of his right eye slightly decreased due to complicated central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) disease. By gradually replacing prednisone with cyclosporine within 2 months, the subretinal fluid was completely absorbed at the last visit. Steroid-related CSC during the treatment course of VKH disease after COVID-19 vaccination has never been reported before. By reviewing relative literature, we discuss the mechanism of CSC onset in our case and the potential therapeutic strategies. Complicated CSC may develop in the eyes with vaccine-related VKH after steroid treatment. Ophthalmologists should be aware of this condition, carefully distinguish complicated CSC with inflammation relapse, and adjust the medication in a timely manner.

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Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Case report and literature review

Zou,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), a complex and multifaceted illness. COVID‐19 is associated with various ocular manifestations including conjunctivitis, retinal vein occlusion and optic neuritis. However, the case of Vogt‐Koyanagi‐Harada (VKH) disease associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 is infrequent, and the specific association is still unclear.Case PresentationIn the present study, a 35‐year‐old female patient without any significant medical history presented with 1 week of bilateral blurred vision, occurring 2 weeks after a clinical course of COVID‐19. Upon examination, both eyes exhibited bullous serous retinal detachments. She was diagnosed with incomplete VKH disease. Early diagnosis and treatment of VKH disease are essential for the visual prognosis of this aggressive disease. In this particular patient, ocular inflammatory signs and visual acuity improved via corticosteroid therapy. It is worth noting that the occurrence of VKH disease associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 is uncommon, and the specific connection between the two remains unknown. We review and summarize the clinical characteristics of VKH disease following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and discuss the potential mechanisms that may explain this phenomenon, based on similar studies previously reported.ConclusionDespite the unclear causality, it is important for ophthalmologists and physicians to be recognizant of the possible association between VKH disease and COVID‐19. SARS‐CoV‐2 may play a potential immunological triggering role in VKH disease. However, further in‐depth research is necessary to investigate the clinical and epidemiological features, as well as the underlying mechanisms of this association.

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Probable Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease after COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Report and Literature Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

The Characteristics of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Uveitis: A Summative Systematic Review

The Characteristics of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Uveitis: A Summative Systematic Review

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease Complicated by Central Serous Chorioretinopathy during Treatment Course: Case Report and Literature Review

Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Case report and literature review

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